Result: Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2023.

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks 2023 Collaborators

Journal of the American College of Cardiology [J Am Coll Cardiol] 2025 Dec 02; Vol. 86 (22), pp. 2167-2243. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 24.

Journal Article

English

Publisher: Elsevier Biomedical Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8301365 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1558-3597 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07351097 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Am Coll Cardiol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [New York, N.Y.] : Elsevier Biomedical, [c1983-

Cardiovascular Diseases*/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases*/mortality , Global Health* , Global Burden of Disease*/trends , Cost of Illness*, Humans ; Risk Factors ; Male ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Aged

Investigator: BA Stark, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; NK DeCleene, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; EC Desai, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JM Hsu, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CO Johnson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; L Lara-Castor, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; KE LeGrand, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; PB A, Amity Institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India.; MA Aalipour, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Aalruz, Department of Nursing, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; BJ Abafita, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; UO Abaraogu, School of Health & Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.; M Abavisani, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; N Abbas, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China; Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; M Abbasi, Infectious and Tropical Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; M Abbasian, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Abbastabar, Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AHA Abd Al Magied, College of Pharmacy, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; SA ElHafeez, Department of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; PA Abdelalim, Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; OM Abdelfattah, Department of Medicine, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, USA.; PR Abdel-Hameed, Basic Science Department, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; M Abdelnabi, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; P Wael M Abdel-Rahman, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; P Abdi, Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada.; WM Abdisa, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia.; D Abdissa, Public Health Department, Department of Health, Jimma, Ethiopia; health, Diabetes Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia.; A Abdous, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.; M Abdullah, Global Burden of Disease Support team, Research and Development Solutions, Islamabad, Pakistan.; A Abdullahi, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria.; K Abdykerimova, Department of General Surgery and Clinical Anatomy, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; M Abebe, Department of Midwifery, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.; A Abedi, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; A Abedi, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; AA Abejew, School of Pharmacy, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; ES Abhilash, Department of Botany, Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur, Kozhikode, India.; OO Abiodun, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria.; PO Abiodun, Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.; RA Kasem, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Surgery, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.; RG Aboagye, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S Abohashem, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; H Abolhassani, Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; US Abonie, Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom.; AT Aborode, Department of Research and Development, Healthy Africans Platform, Ibadan, Nigeria.; NM Abourashed, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.; D Abramov, Cardiovascular Disease, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.; LG Abreu, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; D Abtahi, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; RK Abu Farha, Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; AK Kende Abubakar, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.; IJ Abubakar, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; N Abu-Elala, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, King Salman International University, Rus Sudr, Egypt.; E Abu-Gharbieh, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; HJ Abukhadijah, Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; S Aburuz, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; D Abushanab, Department of Pharmacy, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; AB Acharya, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; A Acharya, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal.; S Acharya, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India.; M Achore, Department of Population Health, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.; O Adal, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; LC Adams, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.; LH Adamu, Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; R Adão, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Surgery and Physiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; IY Addo, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; OM Adebayo, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; TA Adebisi, Department of Microbiology, Ladoke Akintola University, Osogbo, Nigeria; Independent Consultant, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; D Adedia, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; KA Adedokun, Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.; OE Adegbile, Department of Pediatrics, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, Johnson City, TN, USA.; OA Adegboye, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.; NA Adegoke, Translational Research Team, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; V Adekanmbi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.; OT Adeleke, Department of Family Medicine, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria; Department of Family Medicine, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.; C Oluwaseun Adetunji, Department of Microbiology, Edo State University Uzairue, Iyamho, Nigeria.; OI Adeyomoye, Department of Physiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; R Adha, Department of Statistics, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia.; K Adhikari, Department of Community Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Nepal; Public Health Section, Himalayan Environment and Public Health Network (HEPHN), Chitwan, Nepal.; RK Adhikary, Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh; Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; W Adikusuma, Department of Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia.; TA Parvar, Tehran university school of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Adnan, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; QE Sakilah Adnani, Department of Public Health, Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia.; PO Adoma, Department of Health Administration and Education, University of Education Winneba, Winneba, Ghana.; LA Adzigbli, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; D Adzrago, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; AM Afifi, Department of surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.; HA Afolabi, Department of Statistics, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osogbo, Nigeria.; F Afrashteh, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Afrooghe, Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MS Afzal, Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; S Afzal, Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Public Health, Public Health Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.; SB Agampodi, Department of New Initiatives, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea.; DM Agarwal, Vadu Rural Health Program, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India.; G Agarwal, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; P Agarwal, Department of Physiology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, India.; TA Ageru, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.; N Aggarwal, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India.; S Aghajanian, Department of Neurosurgery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; CA Sobrinho, Health Research and Innovation Sciences Center, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania; SPRINT Sport physical activity and health research & innovation center, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal.; W Agyemang-Duah, Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.; M Ahadi, Rajaie Trauma Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; B Ahammed, Statistics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh.; BO Ahinkorah, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Ahmad, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; F Ahmad, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; K Ahmad, Department of Health Informatics, Qassim University, Buraidha, Saudi Arabia.; MM Ahmad, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; S Ahmad, Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.; S Ahmad, St. Joseph Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan.; T Ahmad, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.; K Ahmadzadeh, Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Ahmed, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health (IDGPH), University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.; A Ahmed, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.; A Ahmed, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; GS Ahmed, Medical Laboratory Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; H Ahmed, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.; J Ahmed, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; LA Ahmed, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; MS Ahmed, College of Nursing, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.; MS Ahmed, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.; MB Ahmed, Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; M Ahmed, Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; N Ahmed, Department of Assistance Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.; N Ahmed, Department of Nursing, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; S Ahmed, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; SA Ahmed, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.; SO Ajakwe, ICT Convergence Research Centre, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South Korea.; M Ajami, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; B Aji, Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia.; Y Akalu, Department of Medical Physiology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; O Akeju, Oxford Vaccine Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; RE Akhigbe, Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.; R Akhmedullin, Nazarbayev University, Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.; M Oyeniran Akindele, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Lifestyle Diseases Research Entity, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.; K Akinosoglou, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece; Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.; YM Akiska, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; School of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; MA Akkaif, Department of Cardiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; H Akram, Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Baylor Scott & White Health, Frisco, TX, USA; VentrureBlick.; AE Akrami, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA; Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; SA Awaidy, Department of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; Middle East, Eurasia, and Africa Influenza Stakeholders Network, Muscat, Oman.; HA Hamad, Department of Geriatric and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; SM Al Hasan, Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; OA Omari, Fundamentals and Administration Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.; MA Qadire, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.; YA Thaher, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan; School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.; MA Mahmoud Al Zoubi, School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; Y Al-Ajlouni, School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; TA Alalwan, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain.; Z Al-Aly, Department of Research and Development, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Clinical Epidemiology Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), St. Louis, MO, USA.; K Alam, Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.; MK Alam, Preventive Dentistry Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.; M Alam, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, tehran, Iran.; Z Alam, School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; RM Al-Amer, School of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; A Alansari, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; TM Alanzi, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; A Alarifi, Public Health Department, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; FY Al-Ashwal, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen, Sana'a, Yemen.; R Alavi, Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Division, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.; M Albashtawy, Department of Community and Mental Health, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan.; LI Al-Daken, Fundamentals and Administration Department, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.; KA Aldawsari, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Heart Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; AM Aldhahir, Respiratory Therapy Program, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; MS Aldossary, General Directorate of Research and Studies, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; SM Aleidi, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; BA Alemayehu, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; TT Alemayehu, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; H Alemi, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Abdelazeem M Algammal, Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.; AA Saeed Al-Gheethi, Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.; N Alhajri, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; FN Alhalaiqa, College of Nursing, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; MK Al-Hanawi, Department of Health Services and Hospital Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Health Economics Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; M Alharrasi, Adult Health and Critical Care Department, Sultan Qabos University, Alseeb, Oman.; A Alhumaidi, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibn Al-Nafis University for Medical Sciences, Sana'a, Yemen.; A Ali, Department of Health, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.; EA Ali, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; K Ali, College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Faculty of Health, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom.; MD Ali, Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; MU Ali, Department of Medical Rehabilitation (Physiotherapy), University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; R Ali, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; SA Ali, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; SS Ali, Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan.; SY Ali, Biomedical Engineering Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; A Al-Ibraheem, Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; M Al-Iede, The School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, NSW, Jordan.; SM Alif, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; HA Rokny, The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; SW Al-Jabi, Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; MH Aljawadi, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; M Aljofan, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; SM Aljunid, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia.; A Alkhatib, College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; H Alkousheh, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan; Prince Hamza Hospital, Prince Hamza Hospital, Amman, Jordan.; F Alla, Bordeaux School of Public Health, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.; M Al-Mamun, BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; S Al-Marwani, Independent Consultant, Amman, Jordan.; NA Almasri, Rehabilitation Sciences Department, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; JU Almazan, Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; O Almidani, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; A Almobayed, Ophthalmology Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; MM Alnaeem, Department of Clinical Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; GN Al-Naqeb, Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Sana'a University, Sana`a, Yemen.; HY Alniss, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; MA Alomari, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; MR Alosta, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan.; JS Alqahtani, Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; MR Alqudimat, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait.; A Alrawashdeh, Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; I Alrimawi, Department of Nursing, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; SM Alrousan, Macro-Fiscal Policy Department, Ministry of Finance, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; MA Alsabri, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sana'a University, Sanaa, Yemen; Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; S Alsakarneh, Internal Medicine Department, University of Missouri, Kansas, MO, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kasnas, MO, USA.; MA Alshehri, Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.; Z Altaany, Department of Basic Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; A Altaf, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Equator University of Science and Technology, Uganda, Masaka, Uganda.; AB Al-Tammemi, Research, Policy, and Training Directorate, Jordan Center for Disease Control, Amman, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; JA Al-Tawfiq, Department of Specialty Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.; N Alvis-Guzman, Research Group in Health Economics, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia; Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia.; NJ Alvis-Zakzuk, Department of Economic Sciences, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia; National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia.; H Alwafi, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.; M Al-Wardat, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; YM Al-Worafi, Department of Medical Sciences, Azal University for Human Development, Sana'a, Yemen; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates.; H Aly, Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; A AlZahmi, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; H Alzahrani, Department of Physiotherapy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.; A Alzoubi, Department of Pathological Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; KH Alzoubi, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; MA Al-Zubayer, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; EJ Amafah, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom.; J Amafah, Global Health Advocacy Incubator (GHAI), University of Central Nicaragua, Washington, DC, USA.; R Amani-Beni, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Heart Failure Research Center., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; M Amanollahi, Translational Pphthalmology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SK Amaravadi, School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Scinces, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; AK Amegah, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.; PM Amegbor, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; MA Amenah, Faculty of Public Health, Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, Accra, Ghana; Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.; B Amidi, Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; TT Amin, Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; A Amindarolzarbi, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; M Amini-Rarani, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; E Amini-Salehi, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; A Aminorroaya, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Aminzare, Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; S Amiri, Spiritual Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; E Ammirati, De Gasperis Cardio Center, Niguarda Hospital, Milano, Italy.; A Amobonye, Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.; S Ampon-Wireko, Public Health Institute, Accra, Ghana.; H Amu, Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; DA Amugsi, Department of Maternal and Child Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.; GA Amusa, Department of Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Internal Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.; F Anagnostakis, Center for Biomedical Image Computing & Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; RA Ananda, Department of General Medicine, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia.; N Anaraki, Tehran University of Medical Sciences- Orthopedic Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Ancuceanu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; D Anderlini, Centre for Sensorimotor Performance, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Neurology Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; DB Anderson, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; JA Anderson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CL Andrei, Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; SP Ang, Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, Toms River, NJ, USA.; S Angappan, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; NH Anh, Department of General Medicine, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Vietnam, Thai Binh City, Vietnam.; A Anil, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; S Ansari, Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India.; A Ansariadi, School of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.; RM Anteneh, Department of Public Health, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; BS Anuoluwa, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; IA Anuoluwa, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; S Anvari, Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-disciplinary Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; S Anwar, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; School of Chemical and Life Sciences , Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.; SL Anwar, Department of Surgery, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; R Anwer, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; AE Anyasodor, Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.; F Appiah, Department of Social Sciences, Berekum College of Education, Berekum, Ghana; School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; JP Arab, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Gastroenterology Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; J Arabloo, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; EA Arafa, Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.; M Arafat, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; AY Aravkin, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; D Areda, College of Art and Science, Ottawa University, Surprise, AZ, USA; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.; O Aremu, Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; J Arias de la Torre, Care in Long Term Conditions Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.; B Armocida, Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy.; J Arockiaraj, Department of Biotechnology-Faculty of Science and Humanities, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; M Arooj, University College of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Arshadi, Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; AA Artamonov, Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.; A Arumugam, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; M Asaduzzaman, Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; SM Basheeruddin Asdaq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; SM Melaku Asefa, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; A Asgary, Department of Biotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Asghari-Jafarabadi, Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; AF Ashagre, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; A Ashames, Ajman University, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; M Ashfaq, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.; H Ashraf, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.; MA Basit Ashraf, Department of Physiology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.; T Ashraf, Pioneer Journal of Biostatistics and Medical Research (PJBMR), Pakistan, Pakistan.; M Ashrafi, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; MS Aslam, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.; AA Asrat, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; Y Asri, Nursing Department, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia; Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia.; DZ Assefa, Monash Addiction Research Center, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; B Assembekov, Atchabar Scientific Research Institute, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; PT Astell-Burt, School of Architecture, Design, and Planning, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; SS Athari, Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; MM Wahbi Atout, Faculty of Nursing, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.; A Atreya, Department of Forensic Medicine, Lumbini Medical College, Palpa, Nepal.; JA Atta, Management Policy and Community Health at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; K Aurangzeb, Department of Computer Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; M Ausloos, School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; S Avula, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; AF Awedew, Department of Surgery, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; MA Awoke, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; AW Awotidebe, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.; OO Awoyomi, University of Albany, The College of Saint Rose, Albany, NY, USA.; WK Axame, F.N. Binka School of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana.; BA Ayele, Department of Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.; M Ayyad, Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.; S Azadnajafabad, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; A Azadnia, Research and Technology Deputy, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; H Azami, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; A Azarboo, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Azhar, Miami Cardiovascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Inc, Miami, FL, USA.; MY Aziz, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; SA Aziz, Department of Anesthesia, Cihan University -Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Basic Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; A Azizan, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Azizi, Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AY Azzam, ASIDE Healthcare, Lewes, DE, USA; Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt.; D Azzolino, Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; AE Babatope, Health Information Management, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; AS Babu, Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; GR Babu, Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; M Badar, Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.; AA Badran, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Microbiology Department, Horus University Egypt, Damietta, Egypt.; A Bagga, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; N Baghcheghi, Department of Nursing, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.; N Bagheri, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; S Bagheri, School of Medical Education and learning technologies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; E Baghizadeh, Shahid rajii hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Baghizadeh, Taleghani anesthesiologist, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Baghizadeh, Dental Material Research Center, Islamic Azad University, tehran, Iran.; PB Taghanaki, Department of Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; R Bahreini, College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, USA.; R Bai, Clinical Research Center, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.; L Bains, Surgery, Global Surgery, Emergency Medicine Department, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in LMICs, Mumbai, India.; SM Bakkannavar, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; AT Bako, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, TX, USA.; S Balakrishnan, Division of Biological Sciences, Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, Chennai, India.; M Balasubramanian, Health Care Management Department, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; WF Balcha, Department of Midwifery, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Baldereschi, Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.; M Balkis, Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Chen Senior Medical Center, Tamarac, FL, USA.; F Baloch, Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.; SA Balogun, Goldfields University Department of Rural Health, Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, WA, Australia.; MB Hasankhani, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; OC Baltatu, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos, Brazil.; K Bam, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.; KJ Banda, School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; PK Reddy Bandaru, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St. Josephs University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA.; P Chandra Banik, Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; R Banik, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Bansal, Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, Nagpur, India.; K Bansal, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA.; S Barati, Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.; F Barbic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.; M Bardhan, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; NC Barengo, Department of Translational Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; SL Barker-Collo, School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; HJ Barqawi, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; S Barteit, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.; L Barua, Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MD Abu Bashar, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; S Bashir, University Institute of Food Science and Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; A Bashiri, Health Information Management, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; SB Aliabadi, Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; R Basri, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.; MM Bastan, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Basu, Department of Community Medicine, Employees State Insurance-PostGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research & Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India.; K Batra, Department of Medical Education, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; M Bauckneht, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.; M Bayat, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pastor Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Bayat, Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; MT Bayih, Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; FS Bayisa, Epidemiology ang Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; NM Beeraka, Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; AH Behnoush, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; A Bekele, Department of Medical Anatomy, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; AG Belayneh, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AG Belete, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; AC Belete, Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; GB Bilgin, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; B Bello, Bayero University Kano, Higher National School of Veterinary Medicine, Kano, Nigeria; North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.; OO Bello, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; UM Bello, Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; L Belo, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Y Belsti, Department of Human Physiology, University of Gondar, Ethiopia, Ethiopia.; B Benfor, Vascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.; DA Bennett, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; IM Bensenor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; SN Bente Kamal Tune, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; CP Benziger, Heart and Vascular Center, Essentia Health, Duluth, MN, USA.; OP Bera, Health Systems Strengthening, Global Health Advocacy Incubator, Washington DC, USA; Centre for Policy Research and Data Analytics in Health and Environment, All India Institute for Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; Z Berezvai, Institute of Marketing and Communication Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary; Competition Economics and Market Research Section, Hungarian Competition Authority, Budapest, Hungary.; M Bergami, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; KT Berhe, College of health sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia; 2Research Centre for Public Health, Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University of Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; AY Berhie, Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AA Berihun, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; A Nazer C Bermudez, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.; RS Bernstein, Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Global Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; AS Bhadoria, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Community Health Department, University of South Wales, South Wales, United Kingdom.; AS Bhagavathula, Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.; B Bhandari, College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; N Bhardwaj, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; P Bhardwaj, Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India; School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; S Bhaskar, Global Health Neurology Lab, NSW Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.; P Bhattacharjee, The Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; S Bhattacharjee, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health Research, Bengal Rural Welfare Service (BRWS), Kolkata, India.; G Kaur Bhatti, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.; J Singh Bhatti, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; R Bhatti, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.; SS Bhuyan, Department of Health Administration, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.; SK Biadgilign, Independent Consultant, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; C Bilgin, TAF Uludag Winter Training Center, Turkish Ministry of Defence, Bursa, Türkiye.; C Bilgin, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.; MG Birck, R&D, RWE, Pfizer Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada.; MM Birhan, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; EM Birru, Strep A & ARF Therapeutics, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; B Biswas, Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; MS Biswas, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh.; M Biswas, Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.; RK Biswas, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Clinical Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; B Bizzozero-Peroni, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Higher Institute of Physical Education, Universidad de la República (University of the Republic), Rivera, Uruguay.; T Bjørge, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.; T Bodhare, Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, India.; AO Bodunrin, Department of Computer Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.; SK Bogale, National Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, NSW, Australia; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; L Bohn, Faculty of Psychology, Education, and Sport, University Lusofona, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre for Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; OA Bolarinwa, Department of Demography and Population Studies, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.; A Boloor, Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; MB Hashemi, Department of Urology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Bonakdarhashemi, Orthopedics Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, tehran, Iran.; BB Basara, General Directorate of Health Information Systems, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Türkiye.; H Borhany, Internal Medicine Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Borran, Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; SA Bosoka, Disease Surveillance Department, Ghana Health Service, Ho, Ghana; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; AB Carvajal, Facultad de Salud (Faculty of Health), Universidad Santiago de Cali (Santiago de Cali University), Cali, Colombia.; EJ Boyko, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; General Medicine Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, Seattle, WA, USA.; MM Bozic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; University Eye Hospital, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.; D Braithwaite, Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.; LC Brant, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; M Brauer, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; S Breitner, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (German Research Center for Environmental Health), Neuherberg, Germany.; H Brenner, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.; KK Bressem, Technical University Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.; G Britton, Center for Neuroscience, Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, Panama City, Panama; Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama.; R Bugiardini, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; LP Bui, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.; NB Bulamu, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; LN Bulto, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; A Burhan, School of Nursing, Universitas Harapan Bangsa (National Hope University), Banyumas, Indonesia.; CV Burley, EnAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; RA Burns, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.; F Busch, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; Y Bustanji, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; NS Butt, Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; ZA Butt, School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.; SC J, JSS Dental College & Hospital, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; LS Cabral, Department of Neurology, Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; R Cairns, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales Poisons Information Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; MÇ Barsbay, Faculty of Health Sciences Healthcare Management Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.; D Calina, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.; LA Cámera, Department of Internal and Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Board of Directors, Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; LA Campos, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Anhembi Morumbi University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil; Department of Biomedical Engineering, São José dos Campos Technology Park, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.; I Campos-Nonato, Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; RA Canales, Environmental & Occupational Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; S Cao, Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.; A Capodici, Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, Romagna Local Health Authority, Forlì-Cesena, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Health Science, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.; JA Caravaca-Morera, Faculty of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.; R Cárdenas, Department of Health Care, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico.; C Carletti, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; G Carreras, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.; A Carugno, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.; F Carvalho, Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; M Carvalho, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; AP Carvalho-E-Silva, School of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Education Center of Australia, Health Science College, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; JM Castaldelli-Maia, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; AL Catapano, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; MultiMedica Sesto San Giovanni IRCCS, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy.; MS Cattaruzza, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; L Cegolon, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Public Health Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.; F Cembranel, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.; M Cenderadewi, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Department of Public Health, University of Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia.; E Cenko, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; E Cerin, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; A Cerovac, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital Tešanj, Tešanj, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.; S Cerrai, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy.; J Chadwick, Non-communicable Diseases Division, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.; MC Shivamadhu, Department of Biochemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; A Chakraborty, Joint School of Public Health, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.; C Chakraborty, Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India; Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.; S Chakraborty, State Disease Investigation Laboratory, Animal Resources Development Department, Agartala, India.; JS Kai Chan, Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China.; RM Chandika, Clinical Nutrition Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; M Chandradasa, Department of Psychiatry, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Psychiatry Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; V Chandramouli Bellur, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India.; EK Chandrasekar, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.; Q Chang, Cardiology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.; J Charan, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; VK Chattu, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi, India.; AA Chaudhary, Department of Biology, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; S Chaudhuri, Department of Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad, India.; M Chavoshi, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; AT Chen, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.; G Chen, Department of Stomatology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China.; H Chen, Clinical Project Management Office, National Clinical Research Centerfor Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.; H Chen, Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia.; H Chen, Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; MX Chen, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; S Chen, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; X Chen, Department of Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.; KC Cheung, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; DS Chew, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; NW Chew, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; R Chhabra, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; G Chi, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; F Chichagi, Department of Scientific Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Chimoriya, Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Concord Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; PR Ching, Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.; M Chiriacò, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.; JL Chirinos-Caceres, Department of Public Health, Administration, and Social Sciences, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru.; A Chitheer, Iraq Field Epidemiology Training Program (I-FETP), Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq.; SM Jemma Cho, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; WCS Cho, Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.; B Chong, Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; YY Chong, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; H Chopra, Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India.; S Chopra, Department of Biosciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; HI Chou, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; SG Choudhari, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, India.; EK Chowdhury, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; R Chowdhury, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; S Chowdhury, Robert Stemple College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; H Christensen, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; DJ Christopher, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India.; DT Chu, The Interdisciplinary Research Group on Biomedicine and Health, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Vietnam.; IS Chukwu, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria.; SC Chung, Department of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Health Data Research UK, London, United Kingdom.; S Chung, Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.; I Cioffi, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; AJ Cohen, Health Effects Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Columbus, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; J Conde, Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; SE Congly, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; N Conrad, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; S Conti, General Administration, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; PA Cortesi, Research Center on Public Health (CESP), School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Laboratory of Public Health, Instituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS (Italian Auxological Institute), Milan, Italy.; C Cosma, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.; VM Costa, Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; MH Criqui, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; N Cruz-Martins, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; AG da Silva, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; N Dababo, Research Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.; A Dabbagh, Department of Anesthsia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; B Dabo, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.; O Dadras, Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; X Dai, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Z Dai, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Dalakoti, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Metabolic Translational Research Program, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; AA Moura Damasceno, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.; E D'Amico, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia', University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; B Danaei, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; L Dandona, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; R Dandona, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AK Dang, Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; L D'Anna, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; P Danpanichkul, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.; SE Danso, Ga East Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana.; SD Darcho, Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; B Darouei, Heart Failure Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; RD Cheshmeh Soltani, Department of Environmental Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.; S Das, Department of Biochemistry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Delhi, India.; M Dashtkoohi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran, Iran.; D Davletov, B. Atchabarov Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; K Davletov, Population Health Research Center, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; K Dayasiri, University of Kelaniya, University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; FP De la Hoz, Department of Public Health, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia.; N Deb, Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India.; A Dehadrai, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; C Del Bo', Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; M Del Riccio, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Infectieziekten in de Eerste Lijn Programme, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, Netherlands.; M Delsoz, Ophthalmology Department, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, USA.; D Demeke, Department of Physiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; K Deng, Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; E Denova-Gutiérrez, Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; MD Molla, Department of Biochemistry, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; I Dergaa, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia; Department of Social Sciences, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia.; HA Derseh, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; E Dervišević, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.; HD Desai, Clinical and Public Health Research, Independent Clinician Scientist and Public Health Researcher, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.; R Desai, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.; AA Desta, Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications 'G. Parenti' ( DiSIA ), University of Florence and University of Palermo, Florence, Italy.; K Deuba, Public Health and Environment Research Centre (PERC), Save the Children, Lalitpur, Nepal; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; PK Devarakonda, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; D Devegowda, JSS Medical College Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India.; SM Rahman Dewan, Department of Pharmacy, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmacology Division, Center for Life Sciences Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; A Dhali, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom.; K Dhama, Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.; P Rajinder K K Dhamija, Neurology Department Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences , University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.; M Dhimal, Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal; Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.; B Dhungel, Population Interventions Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; SD Bella, Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.; MD Pumpo, Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy.; DD da Silva, Escola Superior de Saúde (Higher School of Health), Instituto Politécnico do Porto (Polytechnic Institute of Porto), Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; LA Diaz, Department of Gastroenterology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; A Dima, Faculty of Management, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; X Ding, Joe C. Wen School of Population & Public Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.; H Do, Research Institute for Advanced Nursing (RIAN), Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam; Institute of Health Economics and Technology (iHEAT), Hanoi, Vietnam.; TH Phuong Do, Department of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam.; OL Luiz do Amaral do Amaral Júnior, Department of Oral Health, Federal Institute for Population Research, Santa Maria, Brazil.; PT Doegah, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; S Dohare, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; KG Dokova, Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organisation, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria.; F Dondi, Nuclear Medicine Deparment, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia and Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.; M D'Oria, Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.; F Dorostkar, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; WM Dos Santos, Departamento de Responsabilidade Social (Department of Social Responsibility), Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare, Joanna Briggs Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.; OP Doshi, Independent Consultant, South Plainfield, NJ, USA.; RK Dowou, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; MT Dresse, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; VS Dsouza, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.; M Du, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Periodontology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.; J Dube, Office of Institutional Analysis, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.; EW Dumbili, School of Sociology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; BB Duncan, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; J Dunne, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; AR Duraes, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health), Salvador, Brazil.; OC Durojaiye, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.; S Dutta, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, India.; S Dutta, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; AR E'mar, Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; O Ebohon, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Delta State, Nigeria.; LL Mahmoud Ebraheim, Histology Department, Zagazig university, Zagazig, Egypt.; A Ebrahimi, Massachusetts General Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.; MH Ebrahimi, Environmental and Occupational Health Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.; R Ebrahimi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Ebrahimi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; HA Edinur, School of Health Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.; F Efendi, Advanced Nursing Department, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia.; B Eftekhari, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; F Eghbali, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Eghdami, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AE Sedeh, Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; E Eini, Private Orthodontist, Ahvaz, Iran.; M Ekholuenetale, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom.; TC Ekundayo, Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; RA El Arab, Almoosa College of Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.; DA Wahab El Morsi, Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Medical Education, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt.; ME Sayed Zaki, Clinical Pathology Department-Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; MA Eladl, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; AE Mustafa Elagali, Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.; A Elalfy, Internal Medicine Residency, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.; S El-Ashker, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; F El-Dahiyat, Clinical Pharmacy Program, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; IY Elgendy, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Division of Cardiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; M Elhadi, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.; W El-Huneidi, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; S Elkannishy, Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department - Emergency hospital - Faculty of medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; MA Elmonem, Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; AB Elmoselhi, Basic Medical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; MH Elnaem, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.; I Elsohaby, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Animal Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; ME Eltahir, Department of Education, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; AE Zeydi, Department of Medical-surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; TI Emeto, Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.; TB Emran, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.; R Eshraghi, Social Determinants of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; K Eskandari, Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; S Eskandarieh, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; O Eyawo, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.; N Fabin, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.; H Fadavian, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; AF Fagbamigbe, Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Research Centre for Healthcare and Community, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.; A Fahim, Department of Oral Biology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.; S Fahimi, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Fahira, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.; R Faiz, Independent Consultant, Male, Maldives.; IR Fakhradiyev, Director of the Scientific and Technological Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; L Falzone, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Pascale, Naples, Italy.; Q Fan, Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.; A Farahani, Department of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Farahmand, Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SN Faraji, Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; M Faramarzpour, Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; EJ Aquino Faraon, Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; M Fareed, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.; J Farina, Cardiology Unit, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.; ME Mahmoud Faris, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; A Faro, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.; SM Yousaf Farooq, University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Farooqui, Discipline of social and administrative pharmacy, Science University of Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; H Farrokhpour, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; F Farshad, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Farsi, Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Z Fatima, University Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; P Fazeli, Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; A Feili, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, shiraz, Iran.; A Feizkhah, Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; G Fekadu, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.; X Feng, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.; SM Fereshtehnejad, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; R Fernandez-Jimenez, Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) (National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Research), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.; AH Feroze, Department of Neurosurgery, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; P Ferrara, Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Laboratory of Public Health, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.; N Ferreira, Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.; N Feter, Deparment of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; BR Feyisa, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; C Fiorilla, Department of Public Health, University of Naples, 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.; F Fischer, Institute of Public Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charité Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany.; L Fleszar, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; LS Flor, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; F Fogacci, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; NA Foigt, Institute of Gerontology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.; M Fonzo, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.; A Fornari, Department of Neurology, Public Health and Disability, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano (MI) Italy, Milano, Italy.; C Fornari, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; AI Forray, Department of Community Medicine, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.; D Fortuna, Innovation in Healthcare and Social Services Department, Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy.; M Foschi, Department of Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.; M Fotouhi, Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Francis-Oliviero, School of Public Health, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.; T Fukumoto, Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.; B Fux, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.; PA Gaal, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureş, Romania.; DD Gadeka, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.; LF Gafane-Matemane, Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.; AM Gaidhane, Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India.; A Gaipov, Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.; M Gajdács, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; E Gakidou, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Y Galali, Department of Food Technology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; S Gallus, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.; B Ganesan, School of Public Health, Institute of Health & Management, Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; S Gangachannaiah, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; X Gao, Department of Biostatistics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; FB Garcia, Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; D Garcia-Azorin, Department of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain.; RK Garg, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India.; VK Garg, Central University of Punjab, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; J Garlasco, Infectious Diseases Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.; D Gasevic, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; P Gautam, Professional Services Division, Texas State Board of Pharmacy, Austin, TX, USA.; RK Gautam, Department of Pharmacology, Indore Institute of Pharmacy, Indore, India.; HH Ge, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.; FS Gebre, College of health sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; MW Gebregergis, Department of Midwifery, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; AD Digssie Gebremariam, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.; AT Gebremedhin, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; B Gebremichael, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; AY Gelaw, National centre for Healthy Ageing, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.; LA Geleta, Department of Public Health, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.; AG Matin, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.; GW Geremew, College of Medicine and Health science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; GK Getahun, Department of Public Health, Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; KY Gete, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; DJ Ghadimi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Ghadirian, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; K Ghaffari, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AG Jolfayi, Department of Cardiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Ghahramani, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; A Ghajar, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.; A Ghamkhar, Research Committee of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.; RG Gheshlagh, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; SG Assl, Department of Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; FG Seproo, Centre for Health Human Resources Research and Studies, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.; RM Ghazy, Tropical Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Family and Community Medicine Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.; G Gheno, Department of Statistics, Ronin Institute, Montclair, NJ, USA.; S Ghimire, Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.; N Ghith, Research Group for Childhood Cancer, Danish Cancer Research Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Z Ghorbani, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; AU Gil, Country Office, World Health Organization (WHO), Astana, Kazakhstan.; SA Gilani, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; SA Gilani, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.; NM Gilbertson, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; TK Gill, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; RF Gillum, Division of General Internal Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; AA Girmay, Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.; A Girombelli, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (Cantonal Hospital Authority), lugano, Switzerland.; LM Glasstetter, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; EV Glushkova, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; EV Gnedovskaya, Third Department of Neurology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.; L Göbölös, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; A Goel, Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.; LH Goh, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; K Gohari, Department of Biostatistics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Quantitative Department, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; MN Gohil, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Anand, India.; M Goldust, Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; P Goleij, Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; D Golinelli, Department of Life Sciences, Health and Healthcare Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy; Health Services Research, Evaluation and Policy Unit, AUSL della Romagna, Ravenna, Italy.; M Golkar, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Gomes-Neto, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.; M Goodarzian, Family medicine department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; AT Goshu, Department of Nursing, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; AC Goulart, Department of Epidemiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; ER Gregorio, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; M Grivna, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.; A Grover, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.; HA Guadie, Department of Health Informatics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; SY Guan, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; Z Guan, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; G Guarducci, Health Direction, Local Health Authority of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.; MI Mohialdeen Gubari, Department of Clinical Science, University Of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq.; A Guha, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.; S Guicciardi, Department of the Health Directorate, Local Health Authority of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; S Gulati, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; S Gulati, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; DA Gunawardane, Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.; S Gunturu, Department of Psychiatry, Bronxcare Health System, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.; Q Guo, Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.; X Guo, Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.; Z Guo, Divison of Epidemology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.; Z Guo, Group Health Department, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, China.; AK Gupta, Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India; Non-communicable Diseases Division (NCD), Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.; B Gupta, Department of Public Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; H Gupta, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Melbourne/Darwin, VIC, Australia.; L Gupta, Department of Anaesthesia, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.; R Gupta, Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.; R Gupta, Department of Preventive Cardiology & Medicine, Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India; Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India.; S Gupta, Department of Toxicology, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, India.; VK Gupta, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; RS Gutiérrez-Murillo, Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; J Guzman-Esquivel, Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Colima, Mexico.; A Habibzadeh, Neurosurgery Department, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; F Habibzadeh, Global Virus Network, Middle East Region, Shiraz, Iran.; AT Tesfaye Habteyes, College of Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.; AD Habteyohannes, Department of Medical Microbiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Hadei, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Climate Change and Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; NR Hadi, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.; Z Hadian, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Technology Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Haghdoost, The George Institute for Global health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; D Haghmorad, Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.; A Haghtalab, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.; D Haile, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; HE Hailu, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; A Haj-Mirzaian, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Halder, Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; SA Halim, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; R Halwani, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; IM Hamad, Department of Pharmacy, American University of Madaba, Amman, Jordan.; NM Hamdy, Biochemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; S Hamidi, School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; EB Hamilton, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Hammoud, Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.; M Hamza, Guthrie Medical Group, Guthrie Medical Group, Cortland, NY, USA.; US Hamza, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India.; A Hanif, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye.; N Hanifi, Department of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.; GJ Hankey, Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders (Perron Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Stroke Research Centre, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia.; F Hanna, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; MM Haque, College of Healthcare Management and Economics, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; OI Haque, Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; HE Hareru, School of Public Health, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.; JM Haro, Research Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.; EM Marah Has, Department of Advanced Nursing, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Nursing and Midwivery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.; AI Hasaballah, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; F Hasan, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.; MK Hasan, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tejgaon College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; H Hasani, Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Hasanpour-Dehkordi, Department of Medical Surgical, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; M Hashemian, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Z Hashempour, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; MH Hashempur, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; NT Hashim, Department of Periodontics, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, RAS-AL-KHAIMAH, United Arab Emirates; Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.; M Saquib Hasnain, Department of Pharmacy, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.; A Hassan, Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; II Hassan, Public Health Department, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria.; MI Hassan, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; M Hassan, University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; S Hassan, Center for International Health (CIH), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Bergen Center for Ethics and Priority Setting (BCEPS), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; YW Hassan Wada, Health Policy and Financing, Society for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.; MS Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Hassankhani, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Independent Consultant, Tabriz, Iran.; J Haubold, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.; RJ Havmoeller, Skaane University Hospital, Skaane County Council, Malmö, Sweden.; A Hawat, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.; SI Hay, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; G He, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.; J He, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; Q He, Neurosurgery Department, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.; JJ Hebert, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; School of Allied Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.; G Heidari, Independent Consultant, Santa Clara, CA, USA.; M Heidari, Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; M Ali Heidari Gorji, Medical Surgical and management Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; M Hemmati, Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; H Hesami, Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Ophtalmic Reserch Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SA Hewage, Australian Centre for Health Service Innovations, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; M Heydari, National Agency for Strategic Research in Medical Sciences Education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.; M Heydari, Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; K Hezam, Department of Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.; MD Hikibu, College of Medicine and Health Science, Department of Anesthesia, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.; Y Hiraike, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; R Holla, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; YR Hong, Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; AM Hopkins, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; M Hoseinzadeh, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Hossain, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; L Hossain, Department of Maternal and Child Health, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MB Hossain, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; MM Hossain, Department of Decision and Information Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Public Health Research Group, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Khulna, Bangladesh.; MS Hossain, Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.; MB Hossain, Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; NS Hosseini Mohammadi, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Hosseinzadeh, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.; M Hostiuc, Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; S Hostiuc, Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Clinical Legal Medicine, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania.; P Hotwani, Internal Medicine Department, Parkview Health, Fort wayne, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.; H Hoven, Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research (CHAIN), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.; M Hsairi, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.; B Hu, Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Clinical Medical School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.; C Hu, Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.; J Huang, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; YS Huang, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; Z Huang, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.; TG Hundie, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; K Hushmandi, Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; J Hussain, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; MA Hussain, Department of Finance and Economics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Social Sciences and Business, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark.; D Hussein, Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Head, Salale University, Gerba Guracha, Ethiopia, Ethiopia.; MI Husseiny, Artur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA; Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; BF Hwang, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan.; I Iavicoli, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.; SE Ibitoye, Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; KS Ibrahim, Department of Biology, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq.; R Ibrahim, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; UI Ibrahim, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Malaysia, Terengganu, Malaysia.; N Ikeda, Center for Nutritional Epidemiology and Policy Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Osaka, Japan.; A Ikiroma, Collaborative Alliance Research and Education (CARE) Programme, Episcope Research Service, Aberdeen, Scotland.; OS Ilesanmi, West Africa RCC, Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; IM Ilic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; MD Ilic, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.; MF Ilyas, Department of Neurosurgery, National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono, Universitas Sebelas Maret (March Eleventh University), Jakarta, Indonesia.; MT Imam, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.; M Immurana, Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; LC Imoh, Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Pathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.; A Inok, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.; M Iqhrammullah, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh (Muhammadiyah University of Aceh), Banda Aceh, Indonesia.; MA Isa, Department of Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.; B Iskandar, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.; TR Iskander, Independent Researcher, Cairo, Egypt.; MF Islam, Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Sylhet, Bangladesh.; MR Islam, School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MS Islam, Research and Publication Department, World Health Organization (WHO), Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MS Islam, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; MS Islam, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; RM Islam, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; F Ismail, Clinical Laboratory Department, Tobruk University, Tobruk, Libya; Department of Blood Transmitted Diseases, National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Tobruk, Libya.; NE Ismail, Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology, Bedong, Malaysia; Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Puchong, Malaysia.; Y Ismoldayev, Department of Urology, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; H Iso, Public Health Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.; G Isola, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; R Issa, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; MC Ituka, Department of Medicine, University of Yaoundé, Yaounde, Cameroon.; M Iwagami, Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.; AN Iyasu, Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.; J Jaafari, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; L Jacob, Department of Physical and Medicine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain.; A Jafari-Khounigh, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; S Jaffar, UCL Institute for Global Health, University of London, London, United Kingdom.; V Jaganathan, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; N Jaganathasamy, Biostatistics Department, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chandrapur, India.; S Jahan, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; S Jahangiri, Endocrine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Jahani, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Jahrami, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain.; A Jain, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.; A Jain, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; P Jain, Central University of Rajasthan, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.; AA Jairoun, Department of Health and Safety, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.; S Jaiswal, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.; M Jakovljevic, UNESCO-TWAS Section of Economic & Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, The World Academy of Sciences UNESCO-TWAS, Trieste, Italy; Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China.; A Jaliliyan, Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Jalloh, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Jamal, Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; QM Sajid Jamal, Department of Health Informatics, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.; N Jamali, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.; M Jameie, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Jamshidi, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; R Janardhanan, Division of Medical Research, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.; N Javadi, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Pediatrics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; SS Javaid, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Javankiani, Department of General Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Javanmardi, KI Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.; K Jayanna, Department of Public Health, M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India; Institute for Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.; SK Jayapal, Centre of Studies and Research, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.; S Jayaram, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India.; R Duminda Jayasinghe, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; AU Jayatilleke, Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Faculty of Graduate Studies, Institute for Violence and Injury Prevention, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; S Jeong, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; BM Jeswani, Department of Internal Medicine, GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India.; AK Jha, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA.; Z Ji, Department of Public Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.; M Jiang, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; W Jin, Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; M Jokar, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.; JB Jonas, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Institut Français de Myopie, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.; T Joo, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Health Management Association, Budapest, Hungary.; A Jor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.; J Jose, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte University, Mangalore, India.; J Jose, Department of Community Medicine, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Thrissur, India.; N Joseph, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; CE Joshua, Department of Economics, National Open University, Benin City, Nigeria.; K Josten, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; F Joukar, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; JJ Jozwiak, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland.; M Jürisson, Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; ME Juweid, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; B Kaambwa, Health Economics Unit, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; A Kabir, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Z Kabir, Research Department, TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; V Kadashetti, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, KIMS Deemed to be University, Karad, India.; A Kader, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Klinik für Radiologie, Charité Medical University Berlin, Germany.; ML Kader, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; DH Kadir, Department of Statistics, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Business Administrations, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; J Kaibullayeva, Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Republican Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; AK Kakkar, Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.; LR Kalankesh, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; S Kalra, Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital Karnal, Karnal, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.; M Kamal, Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; SK Kamarajah, NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; A Kamath, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; I Kamel, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.; A Kamireddy, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; N Kamyari, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.; O Kamyshnyi, Microbiology, Virology and Immunology Department, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.; H Kan, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; M Kanaan, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.; SF Kanaan, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; SB Kankam, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; K Kazeem Kanmodi, Office of the Executive Director, Cephas Health Research Initiative Inc, Ibadan, Nigeria.; SK Kansal, Dr. S S Bhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; RS Kantar, The Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA; Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery Division, Global Smile Foundation, Norwood, MA, USA.; SK Kar, Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; E Karagiannidis, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; P Karakasis, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; J Karami, Laboratory Science Department, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Karch, Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.; A Kariman, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Karimi, Research center for Neuromodulation and Pain, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; H Karimtabar, Research committee of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.; P Karki, Bagamati Province, Federal Ministry of Health, Hetauda, Nepal.; MI Karobari, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; TM Karpiński, Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.; AS Kasa, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; D Kasozi, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere university hospital, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; H Kasraei, Eye Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; TH Kassa, Department of Statistics, Samara University, Semera - Logia, Ethiopia.; AM Kassar, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.; NJ Kassebaum, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; MO Kattea, Internal Medicine-Cardiology, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.; S Kazemian, Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Kedir, Department of Public Health, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia.; MH Keivanlou, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; JT Kelly, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; SN Kempegowda, Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.; A Keshwani, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; E Kesse-Guyot, Department of Human Nutrition, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.; M Keykhaei, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MM Khadembashiri, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MA Khadembashiri, Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuro Musculoskeletal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Khademi, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; YS Khader, Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; IK Khaing, Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.; H Khajuria, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.; MA Khaksar, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; N Khalid, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; AA Khalil, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; P Khalili, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Khalis, Department of Public Health, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat, Morocco; Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Rabat, Morocco.; A Khan, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; A Khan, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; FU Khan, Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.; F Khan, Department of Physical Therapy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; IW Khan, Internal Medicine Department, Reading Hospital Tower Health, Reading, PA, USA.; M Khan, Epidemiology Program, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; MA Saeed Khan, Department of Community Medicine, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MA Khan, Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, United Kingdom.; MH Khan, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.; MM Khan, Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering (MechE), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; MU Khan, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; SA Khan, Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Khan, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; SK Khan, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; U Khan, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.; YS Khan, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; V Khanal, Department of Health, Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal; Department of Preventable Non Communicable Disease, Menzies School of Health Research, Alice Springs, NT, Australia.; Z Khashim, Physiology and Biomedical engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; PK Khatab, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom; College of Arts and Sciences, Ohio University, Zanesville, OH, USA.; MM Khatatbeh, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; MN Khatib, Global Consortium for Public Health Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, India.; HR Khayat Kashani, Department of Neurosurgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Khazaei, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran.; KA Kheirallah, Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.; PK Zarandi, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; D Kheradmand, Neurosurgery Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; FF Khidri, Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University Of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.; M Khokhar, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; SK Khokhar, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; A Khoshrou, Student research committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; P Khoshvaght, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India.; AA Khosla, Department of Internal Medicine, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, USA.; A Khosravi, Department of Epidemiology, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.; M Khosravi, Department of Health Management and Economics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran; Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Khosravi, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA.; M Khosrowjerdi, Research Department, University of Inland Norway, Elverum, Norway.; PR Khuman, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Anand, India.; ZD Kifle, Department of Pharmacology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; J Kim, Department of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; K Kim, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.; S Kim, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea.; YJ Kim, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.; RW Kimokoti, Millennium Prevention, Inc., Westwood, MA, USA.; Y Kinfu, The Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; A Kisa, School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.; S Kisa, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.; M Kivimäki, Department of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; S Km, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India.; N Kobyliak, Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine; Scientific Department, Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine.; R Kogi, Health Information Department, Ghana Health Service, Goaso, Ghana.; E Kohansal, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; M Kokkorakis, Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; AA Kolahi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; D Kolte, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; F Kompani, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; HR Koohestani, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.; G Koren, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.; T Kormoker, Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.; VA Korshunov, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; O Korzh, Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine.; M Koscik, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.; K Kostev, Department of Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; N Kothari, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; YL Kothari, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.; AL Kotnis, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.; PA Koul, Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.; SL Koulmane Laxminarayana, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; JP Kretchy, Department of Public Health, Central University, Accra, Ghana; Central University, Accra, Ghana.; K Krishan, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; V Krishna, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.; ZJ Król, Department of Public Health, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.; CH Kua, School of Applied Science, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore.; RA Hassan Kuchay, Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Jammu and Kashmir, India.; BK Bicer, Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye.; M Kuddus, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; S Kukreti, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.; M Kulimbet, Research and Publication Activity Division, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Center of Medicine and Public Health, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; V Kulkarni, Department of Medicine, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; A Kumar, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; D Kumar, Department of Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.; GA Kumar, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.; K Kumar, Department of Mathematics, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India.; M Kumar, Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; M Kumar, Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India.; N Kumar, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.; N Kumar, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; R Kumar, College of Public Health & Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; T Kumar, Department of Anaesthesiology- Trauma, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Ranchi, India.; V Kumar, Centre for Digital Transformation, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, India; Centre for Studies in Economics and Planning, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India.; A Kundu, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.; SK Kunutsor, Section of Cardiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; OP Kurmi, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; MD Kurniasari, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana (Satya Wacana Christian University), Salatiga, Indonesia; School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; A Kusnali, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia.; CY Yeni Kustanti, Institute for Health Sciences, STIKES Bethesda Yakkum Yogyakarta Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; D Kusuma, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.; A Kuttybayev, Department of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; WH Patrick Kwong, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR, China.; V Kytö, Clinical Research Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Heart Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; PL C, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; C Vecchia, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; C Lahariya, Division of Evidence Synthesis, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India; Division of Lifestyle Medicine, Centre for Health: The Specialty Practice, New Delhi, India.; DT Ching Lai, School of Digital Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei; Institute of Applied Data Analytics, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; B Lakanova, Department of Research, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; T Lallukka, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; J Lám, Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; NEVES Society for Patient Safety, Budapest, Hungary.; F Lanfranchi, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; S Lasrado, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.; A Latif, Happiness Center, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; KK Lee Lau, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; BK Lawal, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.; A Lawan, School of Physical Therapy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.; HT Thanh Le, Faculty of Medicines, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.; TT Thu Le, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; T Le, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.; TD Thanh Le, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Independent Consultant, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; TT Bich Le, Cardiovascular Research Department, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN, USA; Internal Medicine department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; JL Leasher, College of Optometry, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.; I Lee, STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; PH Lee, Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.; SW Lee, Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, South Korea.; WC Lee, Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.; V Leivaditis, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Westpfalz Klinikum, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.; M Leonardi, SC Neurologia, Salute Pubblica e Disabilità (Neurology, Public Health, Disability Unit), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta (IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute), Milan, Italy.; E Leong, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; N Letafatkar, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; A Li, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (University of Groningen), Groningen, Netherlands; Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; D Li, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.; J Li, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; J Li, Global Health Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.; MC Li, Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.; W Li, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; W Li, Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; W Li, Department of Radiation Oncology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; Y Li, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.; ZA Li, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.; Z Li, Tsinghua Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; LL Lim, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; SS Lim, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; J Lin, International Centre for Future Health Systems, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Q Lin, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.; RT Lin, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia.; D Lindholm, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Norrtälje Hospital (Tiohundra), Norrtälje, Sweden.; G Liu, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; H Liu, Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.; X Liu, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; X Liu, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Z Liu, College of Mathematics and Computer, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China.; E Llanaj, Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Potsdam, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.; V Lohner, Department of Cardiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; A Lonimath, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Bengaluru, India.; JF López-Gil, School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Osorno, Chile.; PD Lopukhov, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; L Lorenzovici, Department of Health Economics, Syreon Research Romania, Targu Mures, Romania; Department of Doctoral Studies, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania.; S Lorkowski, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena, Germany.; PA Lotufo, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; SD Lourembam, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; G Lucchetti, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.; A Lugo, Department of Medical Epidemiology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.; P Luo, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.; AM Lutambi, Dodoma Medical Research Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Dodoma, Tanzania.; H Lv, Department of Epidemiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.; L Lv, Department of Clinical Data Science and Evidence, Novo Nordisk, Plainsboro, NJ, USA.; KS Lwin, SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; D Lytras, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; MD Lytras, College of Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Management of Information Systems Department, The American College of Greece, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.; E Lytvyak, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.; KS Ma, Center for Global Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.; ZF Ma, Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.; M Mabrok, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, King Salman International University, South of Sinai, Egypt.; M Machoy, Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.; F Madadi, Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SA Madinezad, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AM Madureira-Carvalho, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences, Gandra, Portugal; One Health Toxicology Research Unit (1H-TOXRUN), University Institute of Health Sciences, Gandra, Portugal.; P Maffia, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.; JA Magaña Gómez, Department of Human Nutrition Research, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.; AA Maghazachi, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; S Mahalingam, Department of Emergency Medicine, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Science, Puducherry, Pondicherry, India.; M Mahalleh, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Mahalwar, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; AA Mahamed, Department of Research, Kayd Consultancy, Garowe, Somalia.; SA Mahamed, Department of One Health in Tropical Infectiousness Diseases, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia; College of Health Science, Amoud University, Borama, Somalia.; PW Mahasha, Grants, Innovation and Product Development Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.; M Mahjoob, Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Optometry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Iran.; NH Mahmood, Research Center, Cihan University-Sulaimaniya, Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.; E Mahmoudi, Department of Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Mahmoudi, Neurology Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; R Maiti, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; VD Majmundar, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA.; JN Malagón-Rojas, Department of Public Health Research, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia; Faculty of Medicine, El Bosque University, Bogota, Colombia.; EM Rad, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Malekzadeh, Digestive Diseases Research Institute (DDRI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; H Singh Malhotra, Department of Neurology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; AA Malik, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; MS Ahmed Malik, Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; S Malik, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; T Malik, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; DC Malta, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; M Mangdow, University of Kansas Medical Center, A.T. Still University, Kansas City, KS, USA.; E Manirambona, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; L Manjani, Internal Medicine Department, MedStar Health, Washington DC, MD, USA.; Y Manla, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; F Mannan, Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; K Mannethodi, Corporate Nursing and Midwifery Research Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; F Mansoor, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; V Mansouri, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Mansourian, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Barcelona Tech - UPC), Barcelona, Spain.; MA Mansournia, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; E Manu, Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; S Maqsood, Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; BP Marasini, Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal; Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.; HR Marateb, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Automatic Control Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Barcelona Tech - UPC), Barcelona, Spain.; M Marino, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; M Marks-Hultström, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.; A Marques, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.; R Martinez-Piedra, Department of Non-communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.; FR Martins-Melo, Campus Fortaleza, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.; M Martorell, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.; W März, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Medical Clinic V, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; R Rillera Marzo, Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Sarawak, Malaysia; Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.; S Marzouk, Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; S Masi, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.; A Masoudi, Department of Pharmacology, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, shahroud, Iran.; S Masrouri, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; CN Matei, Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Board of Directors, Association of Resident Physicians, Bucharest, Romania.; Y Mathangasinghe, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy, Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; D Mathew, Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; M Mathur, Department of Community Medicine, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, India.; N Mathur, Community Medicine Department, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; F Penido Matozinhos, Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; R Mattiello, Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; KA Mattoo, Department of Prosthetic dental sciences (Substitutive dental sciences), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; RJ Maude, Department of Epidemiology, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.; A Maugeri, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies 'GF Ingrassia', University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; M Mazidi, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, London, United Kingdom.; G Mazzaglia, Department of Medicine, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; SM McPhail, Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia; Digital Health and Informatics Directorate, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; MP Medel Salas, National Child Health Program, Ministry of Health, Santiago, Chile.; R Mehboob, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Research and Development Department, Lahore Medical Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.; A Mehmood, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; F Mehravar, Public Health Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; R Mehrotra, Centre for Health Innovation and Policy, Noida, India.; V Mehta, Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil University, Pune, India.; TM Meto, Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.; BA Mekonnen, School of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; École de Santé Publique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.; EG Mekonnen, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; HN Meles, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.; S Melisa, International PhD Program in Biotech and Healthcare Management, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; ZA Memish, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research & Innovation Center, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; W Mendoza, Universidad Científica del Sur (Scientific University of the South), Lima, Peru.; GA Menezes, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.; RG Menezes, Division of Forensic Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; EW Mengesha, Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; EA Mengistie, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; AA Mentis, International Dx Department, BGI Genomics, Copenhagen, Denmark.; M Mercogliano, Department of Public Health, University 'Federico II' of Naples, Naples, Italy.; A Meretoja, General Administration Department, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; T Mestrovic, University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; CD Kukulege Mettananda, Department of Pharmacology, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; Clinical Medicine Department, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; S Mettananda, Department of Paediatrics, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka; University Paediatrics Unit, Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka.; M Metwally, Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, King Salaman International University, Ras Sudr, Egypt.; D Miezah, Manning College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA; Nursing Department, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; TR Miller, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Beltsville, MD, USA; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; G Minervini, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy; Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; WK Ming, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; GK Mini, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India; Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India.; A Mirdamadi, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; N Mirdamadi, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Mirghafourvand, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; EM Mirrakhimov, Internal Medicine Programme, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Department of Atherosclerosis and Coronary Heart Disease, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.; R Mirzaei, Comprehensive Research Laboratory, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Water Quality Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Mishra, Department of Biotechnology, Parul University, Vadodara, India.; A Mishra, Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; S Mishra, School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, gautam buddh nagar, India.; V Mishra, College of Healthcare Management and Economics, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Research and Development Department, Panacea Institute of Interdisciplinary Research and Education, Varanasi, India.; P Mithra, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; C Mittal, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.; M Mobayen, Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; ND Modi, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; Y Mogessie, Global Surgical Initiative, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; AZ Mohamed, Department of Cognitive Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; AI Mohamed, College of Health Science, University of Hargeisa, Hargeisa, Somalia; Institute of Health Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; HM Mohamed, Higher Colleges of Technology-Health Sciences Division-Pharmacy Program, Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; H Mohamed, Department of Global Health & Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; J Mohamed, College of Applied and Natural Science, University of Hargeisa, Hargeisa, Somalia.; MG Mohamed, RAK College of Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Alkhima, United Arab Emirates; Nursing College, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.; NS Mohamed, Molecular Biology Unit, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan; Bio-Statistical and Molecular Biology Department, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum, Sudan.; AM Mohammad, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.; T Mohammad, Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; S Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Midwifery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; A Mohammadi, Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; I Mohammadi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Mohammadi, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; S Mohammadi, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SO Mohammadi, Department of Medicine, Anne Burnett Marion School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.; A Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; S Mohammadpour, Health Economics Division, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Mashhad, Iran; Emam-Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; I Mohammadzadeh, Skull Base Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; H Mohammed, Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; S Mohammed, Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; Y Mohammed, Medical Microbiology Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Medical Microbiology Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.; S Mohan, Department of Pharmacology, Dale View College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thruvananthapuram, India; School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.; Y Mohsen, Biomedical department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Faculty of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.; A Mohsenzadeh, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Mohsin, Internal Medicine Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Internal Medicine Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.; AH Mokdad, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Mokhirev, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; HM Vardanjani, Department of Biostatistics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; S Molinaro, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.; S Momani, Department of Mathematics, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center (NDRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; H Momeni, Urology and Nephrology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; L Monasta, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; A Monazzami, Department of Sport Physiology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.; MA Moni, AI & Cyber Futures Institute, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; U Mons, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; SM Namin, Shahid Rajai Centre for Educational Research and Clinical Cardiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; T Moradi, Iran Health Insurance Organization, Tehran, Iran.; P Moraga, Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.; L Morales-Juárez, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.; L Morawska, International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; RS Moreira, Department of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.; AK Morgan, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, China.; N Morovatdar, Clinical Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; MM Morsy, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.; J Morze, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; College of Medical Sciences, SGMK Copernicus University, Warsaw, Poland.; PE Mossialos, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom; Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; F Motaharinezhad, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Department of occupational therapy, School of rehabilitation science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.; R Motappa, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; M Motavvef, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN, Iran.; M Motiei, Pediatric diseases research center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; P Mousavi, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AM Khaneghah, Faculty of Biotechnologies (BioTech), ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Halal Research Center of IRI, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.; SM Sadegh Mousavi Kiasary, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX, USA; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; H Mowafy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; M Mozafar, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M MozafaryBazargany, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; KM Yousefi, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Mubarik, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (University of Groningen), Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; L Muccioli, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; UO Mueller, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany; Center for Population and Health, Wiesbaden, Germany.; S Mukherjee, Knowledge Management Department, Prahlad Omkarwati Foundation (POF), Mumbai, India; Changescape Consulting, New Delhi, India.; GD Mukoro, Department of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.; S Mulatu, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; A Mulita, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.; F Mulita, Department of Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece; Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.; GB Mulu, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.; MA Muneer, Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Muniyandi, Department of Health Economics, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.; K Munjal, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India.; Y Munkhsaikhan, Department of Community and Global Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; A Munshi, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; E Murillo-Zamora, Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Villa de Alvarez, Mexico; Postgraduate in Medical Sciences, Universidad de Colima (University of Colima), Colima, Mexico.; A Musa, Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.; S Musa, Department of Paediatrics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; A Mushtaq, Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; A Mustafa, Department of Cardiology, Northwell Health, Staten Island, NY, USA.; G Mustafa, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Pulmonology, Institute of Mother & Child Care, Multan, Pakistan.; S Muthu, Department of Research Methods, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, India; Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, India.; S Muthupandian, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Prince Fahad bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.; CM Muvunyi, Director General, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.; M Muzaffar, Department of Technology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; JC Mwita, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.; W Myung, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.; A Nafei, Elderly Health Research Center, Research and Academic Institution, Tehran, Iran.; AJ Nagarajan, Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India; Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India.; P Naghavi, Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.; M Naghshbandi, Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran; Rajaei Cardiovascular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; GR Naik, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Computer Science and IT, Torrens University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; G Naik, Department Health Services Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; H Naik, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; F Nainu, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.; S Nair, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Thrissur, India; Health Action by People, Trivandrum, India.; MS Najafi, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; HH Rashid Najmuldeen, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya, Iraq; University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; N Nakhostin Ansari, Department of Physiotherapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for War-affected People, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Nambi, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.; DP Nanavaty, Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.; V Nangia, Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India.; AA Naqvi, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.; SN Swamy, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Government Medical College, Mysore, India.; S Nargus, University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; BR Nascimento, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; GG Nascimento, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.; M Naser, Critical Care Unit, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; AJ Nashwan, Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; A Nasrollahizadeh, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; A Nasrollahizadeh, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Nassar, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, Queens, NY, USA.; ZS Natto, Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; J Nauman, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.; Z Naureen, Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; SN Kumari Navaratna, Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; BP Nayak, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.; SG Ganesh Nayak, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; MF Shahariar Nayon, Zilber College of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA.; GT Nchanji, Department of Research, TroDDIVaT Initiative, Buea, Cameroon; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.; R Ndejjo, Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; AW Ndungu, Department of Management Science and Project Planning, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; B Neal, The George Institute Australia, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.; AT Nega, Midwifery Department, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; M Negahdary, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Center for Remote Health Technologies & Systems, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.; WD Negash, Department of Health Systems and Policy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; AG Negru, Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Victor Babes', Timisoara, Romania; Rocordis Heart Center, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.; C Nejjari, Euromed Research center, Euromed University of Fes, Fez, Morocco; Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Dentistry, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.; O Nekouei, Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; MH Nematollahi, Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; G Nepal, Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; HB Netsere, School of Nursing, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; A Nezameslami, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; M Ng, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JW Ngunjiri, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya.; CT Nguyen, Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; D Nguyen, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.; HT Hien Nguyen, Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam; Institute for Research and Training in Medicine, Biology and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.; HQ Nguyen, Cardiovascular Research Department, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN, USA.; KV Nhi Nguyen, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; L Nguyen, Faculty of Public Health, VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam; International Institute for Training and Research (INSTAR), VNU University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.; TP Nguyen, Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study (HIAS), Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan.; VT Nguyen, Tuberculosis Group, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; RK Niazi, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.; L Nieddu, Department of Humanities and Social Science, University for International Studies in Rome, Rome, Italy.; A Nikoobar, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; N Nikravangolsefid, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; V Niranjan, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Public Health, UNICAF, Larnaca, Cyprus.; B Niroomand, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; JM Vianney Niyonsenga, Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Mount Kenya University, Kigali, Rwanda.; MA Nizam, Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health Livonia Hospital, Livonia, MI, USA.; PA Afia Nkrumah-Boateng, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; CA Nnaji, Technical Department, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; S Nomura, Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.; ST Ahmed Noor, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.; P Noormohammadpour, Canadian Institute for Health Information, Toronto, ON, Canada.; M Noreen, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan.; M Noroozi, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.; JJ Noubiap, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; M Nouri, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.; VC Nriagu, Internal Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.; CA Nri-Ezedi, Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.; M Ntsekhe, Division of Cardiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Cardiac Clinic, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.; F Nugen, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; School of Information, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.; AM Nuh, Department of Nutrition and dietetics, Jimma University, Hargeisa, Somalia.; MC Nurchis, Department of Life Science, Health, and Health Professions, Università degli Studi Link (University of Link Studies), Rome, Italy; Department of Health Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy.; SD Dodzi Nyadanu, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; FK Nyande, Department of Nursing, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; B Oancea, Department of Applied Economics and Quantitative Analysis, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania; Bioinformatics Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania.; RM Odat, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Remote Researcher, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; FM Oddi, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.; OO Odukoya, Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.; MS Oduro, PSSM Data Sciences, Pfizer Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA.; OB Oghenetega, Department of Physiology, Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Nigeria.; OT Ogundeko-Olugbami, Technical Unit, Malaria Consortium, London, United Kingdom.; JO Oguta, Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.; S Oh, Institute for Global Engagement & Empowerment, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; ET O'Hagan, Westmead Applied Research Center, University of Sydney, Westmead , Sydney, NSW, Australia.; OO Ojedoyin, Department of Physiotherapy, The Redeemed Christian Church of God, Ede, Nigeria.; TR Ojo-Akosile, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; H Okati-Aliabad, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.; SR Okeke, Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; AP Okekunle, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; OJ Okesanya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Maritime Transport, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria.; OC Okonji, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.; PG Okwute, Department of Medical Physiology, Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Nigeria; Department of Medical Physiology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.; OI Olabisi, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; AT Olagunju, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.; OV Olalusi, Department of Neurology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; TO Olanrewaju, Division of Nephrology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria; Julius Global Health, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.; MI Olatubi, Department of Nursing Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.; AB Oliveira, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Associação Brasileira de Cefaleia em Salvas e Enxaqueca (ABRACES), São Paulo, Brazil.; GM Moraes Oliveira, Cardiology Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.; AA Olorukooba, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; OO Oludoye, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom.; R Olum, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; OG Oluwole, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; FB Omage, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (State University of Campinas), Campinas, Brazil; Department of Computational Biology, Brazilian Agricultural Research Institute (EMBRAPA), Campinas, Brazil.; GL Omer, Surgery Department, Sulaimani University, Sulaimani, Iraq; ENT Department, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.; AE Omonisi, Department of Anatomic Pathology, OtherEkiti State University, Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.; SK Ong, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei; Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; CA Onyeaghala, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria.; AM Oommen, Department of Community Health, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India.; M Opitz, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.; M Ordak, Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; A Orscelik, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; A Ortiz, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; E Ortiz-Prado, One Health Global Research Group, Universidad de las Americas (University of the Americas), Quito, Ecuador.; A Osborne, Department of Biological Sciences, Njala University, Freetown, Sierra Leone.; AAM Osman, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.; WMS Osman, Department of Biology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.; JW Ostrominski, Cardiovascular Division, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; UL Osuagwu, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.; EH Othman, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.; OJ Otorkpa, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana.; A Oumer, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.; A Ouyahia, Faculty of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas of Setif, Setif, Algeria; Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Setif, Setif, Algeria.; MO Owolabi, Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; IA Owusu, West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana.; OA Oyebanji, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; K Oyebola, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.; T Oyelade, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Shool of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom.; MP A, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; I Padda, Department of Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, NY, USA.; A Padron-Monedero, National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; JR Padubidri, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; R Palladino, Department of Public Health, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; HF Pan, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; SK Panda, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India.; S Panda-Jonas, Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; DP Katare, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.; A Pandey, Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal; Research Department, Public Health Research Society Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.; CI Able Panelo, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.; K Pang, Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Anesthesiology Department of The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.; P Pani, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; SK Panigrahi, Department of community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India.; GD Panos, Division of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; First Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; LD Panos, Department of Neurology, University of Bern, Biel/Biene, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.; S Pant, Clinical Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal; Centre for Healthcare and Communities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.; I Pantazopoulos, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; AP Stoian, Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; I Papadimopoulos, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; P Papadopoulou, Department of Science and Mathematics, Deree-The American College of Greece, Athens, Greece; Department of Biophysics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; U Parekh, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, India.; PP Roudsari, Digestive Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiac Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; RR Parikh, Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; C Park, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.; S Park, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; AJ Parmar, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.; A Parvandi, Rasoul Akram Hospital Research Group, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; A Pashaei, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; R Passera, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Imaging, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino (AOU City of Health and Science of Turin), Torino, Italy.; HM Patel, Department of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; J Patel, Global Health Governance Programme, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.; RJ Patel, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine - Hematology & Oncology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.; SK Patel, Department of Research and Training, Population Council Institute, New Delhi, India.; PS Patil, College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA.; D Patoulias, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; S Pattnaik, Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; D Paudel, Health, Nutrition, and HIV/AIDS Program, Save the Children, Kathmandu, Nepal; Center for International Health, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.; S Paudel, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; S Pawar, Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; S Pawar, Department of Interventional Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; HP Toroudi, Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Pedersini, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.; J Pekarcikova, Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia.; U Pensato, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.; VC Filipino Pepito, Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines.; EK Peprah, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; P Peprah, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; G Pereira, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; MO Pereira, Department of Applied Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; N Perico, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy.; S Perna, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.; OJ Peter, Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; HN Pham, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; HT Pham, Department of Internal Medicine, Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.; TT Pham, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam; Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Vietnam.; MR Phillips, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; MA Piradov, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia.; E Pirera, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.; E Pisoni, Air and Climate Unit, European Commission, Ispra, Italy.; E Plotnikov, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia.; D Poddighe, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam.; RV Polibin, Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; P Pollner, Data Driven Health Division, Hungarian Healthcare Management Association, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Digital Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; R Poluru, Department of Data Management and Analysis, The INCLEN Trust International, New Delhi, India.; AP Avudaiappan, Department of Medical and Surgical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, USA.; T Porntaveetus, Center of Excellence in Precision Medicine and Digital Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.; R Pourbabaki, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.; F Pourghazi, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; D Pourkand, KUMS Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; M Poursadeqiyan, Department of Occupational Health and safety Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran.; A Pourshams, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; RA Prabhu, Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, India.; J Pradhan, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India.; PM Singh Pradhan, Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; P Prakash, Center for AIDS Health and Disparity Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.; V Prakash, Department of Neurophysiotherapy, MGM Institute of Physiotherapy, Chhatrapati Sambhaginagar, India.; A Prasad, Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.; A Prashant, Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India.; DR Angga Pribadi, Health Sciences Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Indonesia.; J Purohit, Department of Economics, Women's College, Jharsuguda, Jhasrsuguda, India.; J Puvvula, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; H Qanash, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; NH Qasim, Department of Medical instrumentation Techniques Engineering, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Cybersecurity, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine.; I Qattea, Department of Neonatology, Case Western Reserve University, Akron, OH, USA.; X Qi, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; Z Qi, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; G Qian, Department of Cardiology, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, China.; JY Qiu, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.; N Rabiee, Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; V Radhakrishnan, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (W.I.A), Chennai, India.; MR Radojčić, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.; N Radpour, Nephrology and Urology department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, tehran, Iran.; D Rafiei, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; P Raghuveer, Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.; F Rahim, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan; Director of Central Asia Research Collaboration Group, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; H Mohammed-Amin Rahim, Medical Laboratory Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; M Rahimi, Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Z Rahimian, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; M Rahimifard, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; FM Rahman, Faculty of Health Sciences, Qaiwan International University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; MH Ur Rahman, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Oman.; MM Rahman, Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; M Rahman, Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.; MA Rahman, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; AM Rahmani, Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan.; S Rahmani, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; N Rahmanian, Anesthesiology Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Alzahra hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; M Rahmati, Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center (CEReSS), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; S Rahmawaty, Department of Nutrition Science, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia.; H Rahmoune, Faculty of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria; LIRSSEI Research Lab, University of Setif Algeria, Setif, Algeria.; P Rai, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; SK Raina, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Tanda, Kangra, India.; JP Raj, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; S Raja, Department of medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.; S Rajaa, Department of Community Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Model Hospital, Chennai, India.; E Rajabi, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; G Rajendran, Emergency Medicine Department, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India.; J Rajendran, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; V Rajendran, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India.; S Rajpurohit, Department of Hepatology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; P Rajput, Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India.; MM Ramadan, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Cardiology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; M Ramadan, Department of Population Health, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; K Ramadhan, Department of Midwifery, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Palu, Indonesia.; C Ramasamy, Department of Anatomy, Govt. Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, India.; SK Ramasamy, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.; R Ramírez-Vélez, The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiS), Universidad Pública de Navarra (Public University of Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.; K Ramphul, Independent Consultant, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.; K Rana, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; RK Rana, Department of Community Medicine, Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Medical College and Hospital, Dhanbad, India.; CL Ranabhat, Department of Research, Eastern Scientific LLC, Richmond, KY, USA; Planetary Health Research Centre (PHRC), Kathmandu, Nepal.; N Rancic, Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Defence in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Belgrade, Serbia.; M Rao, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; SJ Rao, Department of Oral Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Sharavathi Dental College and Hospital, Shimogga, India.; S Rashedi, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; V Rashedi, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Rashid, Unit for Public Health Science, University of Gävle, Stockholm, Gävle, Sweden.; MM Rashidi, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; P Rashidian, Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; MA Rasouli, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.; A Rasouli-Saravani, Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SK Rauniyar, Department of Global Health Policy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.; I Rautalin, Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; The National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.; DL Rawaf, WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Inovus Medical, St Helens, United Kingdom.; S Rawaf, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.; R Rawassizadeh, Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.; B Rawlley, Internal Medicine Department, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA.; M Rayati, Gene Therapy Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; C Razo, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; A Rebelo, General and vascular surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.; MM Rama Krishna Reddy, Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; E Redwan, Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Egypt; Department of Protein Research, Research and Academic Institution, Alexandria, Egypt.; S Rege, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.; AU Rehman, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.; W Rehman, Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.; L Reifels, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; A Reis-Mendes, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; G Remuzzi, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy.; KR Rengasamy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre for Excellence in Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.; N Rezaei, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Rezaeian, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.; DR Eidgahi, rasoul akram hospital, Islamic Azad University, Iran, Iran.; TG Rhee, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.; YA Rias, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Kediri, Indonesia; College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; MA Riaz, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; AL P Ribeiro, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Centre of Telehealth, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; MR Rizvi, Department of Physiology and Physiotherapy, DIT University, Delhi, India.; HA Lima Rocha, Community Health Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.; JR Rocha-Gomes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; TP Rodrigues da Silva, Department of Nursing in Women's Health, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Vaccination Research Observatory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; JA Buendia Rodriguez, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia; Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.; L Roever, Department of Clinical Research, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.; D Rojas-Rueda, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.; DS Romadlon, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.; L Ronfani, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; J Rong, Department of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.; G Roshandel, Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.; A Roshanshad, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.; K Rotimi, Technical Department, Malaria Consortium, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Public Health Pharmacy, West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacists, Lagos, Nigeria.; PH Sekhar Rout, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India; RUSA Centre of Excellence in Public Policy and Governance, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; S Rouzbahani, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.; A Roy, Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India; Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.; B Roy, Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia.; N Roy, Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.; P Roy, Department of Medicine, North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Siliguri, India.; S Roy, Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.; S Roy, Research Department, Indian Institute of Public Health, Delhi, India.; S Roy, Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.; M Russo, Department of Cardiology, SS. Annunziata Hospital - ASL2 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy.; GM Rwegerera, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.; CS N, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India.; AS Eddin, Department of Critical Care Anesthesiology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Z Saadatian, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.; K Saber, Department of Medical Physics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; MM Saber-Ayad, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.; CJ Sabet, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.; S Sabour, Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; PS Sachdev, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.; R Sachdeva, Department of Cardiology, Department of Veterans Affairs, Decatur, GA, USA; Department of Cardiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.; KP Sadarangani, Dirección Médica Nacional (National Medical Directorate), Instituto Teletón (Telethon Institute), Santiago de Chile, Chile; Universidad Autónoma de Chile (Autonomous University of Chile), Santiago de Chile, Chile.; BA Saddik, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; BA Sadee, Department of Food Technology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.; T Sadegh, Department of Computer, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.; F Sadeghi-Ghyassi, Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; U Saeed, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Nicosia, Türkiye; International Center of Medical Sciences Research, Islamabad, Pakistan.; M Safari, Department of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; R Sagar, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.; A Saghafi, Clinical Research Development Center (CRDC), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.; A Saghazadeh, Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; D Sagoe, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; N Saha, Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; FS Sharif-Askari, Sharjah Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; NS Sharif-Askari, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; A Sahebkar, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; B Sahiledengle, Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia.; PM Sahoo, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; KS Sahu, Canadian Red Cross, Red Cross, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; M Sahu, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, All India Institute of Hygiene & Public Health, Kolkata, India.; SM Sajadi, College of Pharmacy, Al-Hadba University, Mosul, Iraq.; MR Uz Zaman Sajib, Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.; MR Sajid, Department of Statistics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.; D Salabat, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AA Salami, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.; MM Salarabedi, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; IL Salau, Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Ahmadu Bello University, Abuja, Nigeria.; MA Saleh, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; M Salehi, Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.; S Salehi, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.; S Salehi, Radiology informatics Lab, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; HS Omran, Medical College of Wisconsin, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Milwaukee, Iran.; MR Salem, Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.; MZ Y Salem, Technology Management Department, University College of Applied Sciences, Gaza, Palestine; School of Economics and Management, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.; S Salimi, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; S Samadzadeh, Department of Neurology, Charité University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.; S Samargandy, Department of Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; P Samimisedeh, Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran.; YL Samodra, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Benang Merah Research Center (BMRC), Minahasa Utara, Indonesia.; NS Samuel, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; VP Samuel, Department of Anatomy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.; AM Samy, Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Medical Ain Shams Research Institute (MASRI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.; J Sanabria, Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA; Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; SG Sangle, Department of Forensic Biology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Maharashtra, India.; E Sanjari, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; RK Sanjeev, Department of Pediatrics, SRM Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, Chennai, India.; IS Santos, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; LHCC Santos, University of São Paulo City, São Paulo, Brazil.; MM Santric-Milicevic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; BP Sao Jose, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; KP Sapkota, Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.; M Sarami, department of neurology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; MA Sarasmita, Pharmacy Study Program, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; A Saravanan, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India; Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India.; B Saravi, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Orthopaedics, Loretto Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; M Sarikhani, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Y Sarikhani, Department of Public Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; T Sarkar, Department of Food Processing Technology, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Malda, India.; H Sarlak, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.; H Sarma, Bodoland Univeisty, Botany Department, Kokrajhar, India.; M Sarmadi, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.; GS Sarode, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.; SC Sarode, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.; N Sarrafzadegan, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.; M Sassano, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; B Sathian, Department of Geriatric and Long Term Care, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom.; MK Sathya Narayanan, Epidemiology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.; M Satpathy, UGC Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India; Udyam-Global Association for Sustainable Development, Bhubaneswar, India.; R Sattarpour, Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; J Saulam, Department of Medical Informatics, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Japan; Food Processing and Nutrition, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women's University, Vijayapura, India.; MS Far, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli), Naples, Italy.; SG Saxena, Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Conway, SC, USA; Harvard Extension School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; GK Saya, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.; A Sayeed, Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.; BM Schaarschmidt, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.; C Schinckus, Faculty of Business and Computing, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada; Department of Finance, International School of Management, Paris, France.; MI Schmidt, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; A Schuermans, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; AE Schumacher, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; AE Schutte, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; DC Schwebel, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; F Schwendicke, Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.; SA Sebastian, Augusta Health, Augusta Health, Fishersville, VA, USA.; BT Seboka, Imaging Research Laboratory, Dilla University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; MH Semreen, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; AK Sendekie, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; P Sengupta, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; YC Senol, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.; S Senthilkumaran, Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India.; SG Sepanlou, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; AC Serban, Department of Economics and Economic Policies, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; D Serban, Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Fourth Department of General Surgery, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.; Y Sethi, Department of Medicine, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India.; C Sewor, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.; SM Seyed Alshohadaei, Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Seylani, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.; AB Seyoum, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.; A Sha'aban, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.; M Shafie, Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Shahab, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; State Key Laboratories of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University Of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.; S Shaharudin, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia.; I Shahid, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, USA.; S Shahid, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; SA Ahsan Shahid, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.; W Shahid, Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; F Shahkarami, Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; F Shahrahmani, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; HR Shahsavari, Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran.; MJ Shahwan, Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.; MA Shaikh, Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan.; N Shaikh, Department of Medicine, Liaquat University Of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.; MA Shamim, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; M Shams-Beyranvand, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.; H Shamshad, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.; A Shamsi, Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre For Interdisciplinary Research In Basic Sciences (CIRBSc), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.; A Shamsutdinova, Science Department, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; D Shan, National University of Ireland - Galway, Galway, Ireland; Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.; M Shanawaz, Health Education & Promotion, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; D Shanmugasundaram, Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.; M Sharath, Department of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.; NT Sharew, Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; MJ Hassan Sharif, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.; A Sharifan, Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria; Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Sharma, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India.; B Sharma, Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India.; PK Sharma, UN Mehta Institute of Cardiology and Research Center, B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India; Department of Cardiology, Government Medical College, Ahmedabad, India.; PM Sharma, Department of Social and Behavioral Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.; U Sharma, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; V Sharma, Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; S Shastry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; R Shawahna, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; S Shawel, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; AM Shayan, Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.; BS Bappah, Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Nigeria, Azare, Nigeria.; F Sheida, Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; A Sheidaei, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Quantitative Department, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran.; S Shekhar, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.; J Shen, Psychology Department, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Boston, MA, USA.; RR Shenoy, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; PH Shetty, Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; HZ Shi, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; W Shi, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; PK Shibuya, Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan.; D Shiferaw, Department of Public Health, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dollo, Ethiopia; Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.; NM Shimaponda-Mataa, Biomedical Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.; T Shimels, Department of Pharmacology, Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; MM Hossain Shimul, Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; MJ Shin, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.; R Shiri, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.; A Shittu, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria.; V Shivarov, Department of Experimental Research, Medical University Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria; Department of Genetics, Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridiski', Sofia, Bulgaria.; NA Shlobin, Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; A Shoaib, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; S Shojaie, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; ZS Eshkiki, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.; S Shool, Center for Technology and Innovation in Cardiovascular Informatics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SA Shorofi, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; S Shrestha, Department of Research and Academics, Kathmandu Cancer Center, Bhaktapur, Nepal; Person-Centred Research, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia.; K Shuval, Kenneth H. Cooper Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA.; L Si, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Y Si, Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; NRS Sibuyi, Advanced Materials Division, Mintek, Randburg, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.; EE Siddig, Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.; AK Siddiqi, Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; M Sidiq, Department of Physiotherapy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India; Galgotias Multidisciplinary Research & Development Cell, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India.; M Siegel, Department of Empirical Health Economics, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; M Sikdar, Anthropological Survey of India, Anthropological Survey of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India.; PL Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva, Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal; CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.; GL Simegn, Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; PP Simkhada, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom.; A Singh, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India.; A Singh, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.; B Singh, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.; BP Singh, Institute of National Importance on Food Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat, India.; H Singh, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.; H Singh, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India.; JA Singh, School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Houston, TX, USA.; L Singh, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.; P Singh, Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India.; PS Singh, Amity institute of Public Health and Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, India.; P Singh, Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University Patiala, Patiala, India.; S Singh, Department of Community Medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Srinagar Garhwal, India.; S Singh, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; MK Sinha, Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; R Sinha, Manipal Tata Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Jamshedpur, India.; G Sivaramakrishnan, Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical Services, Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical Services in Bahrain, Riffa, Bahrain.; SS Siwal, Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, India.; N Skhvitaridze, Global and European Health Education and Study Institute, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; NCDC, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.; DA Sleet, Division of Injury Prevention, The Bizzell Group, Atlanta, GA, USA; Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.; K Sliwa, Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; A Sohal, Gastroenterology, Creighton University, Phoeniz, AZ, USA.; S Sohrabi, School of Medical Education and Learning Technologies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; BS Sokhal, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-On-Trent, United Kingdom; University Hospitals North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.; S Solanki, Department of Biochemistry, American University of Integrative Sciences, Bridgetown, Barbados.; S Solikhah, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (Ahmad Dahlan Universitas), Yogyakarta, Indonesia.; AM Soliman, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt; Faculty of Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada.; SSM Soliman, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; MS Howyzeh, Genetics Department, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.; W Song, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; M Soni, Neuro physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; S Soni, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.; A Sood, Department of Endocrinology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; P Sood, Independent Consultant, New Delhi, India.; S Soraneh, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.; JB Soriano, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.; M Sorrentino, Department of Public Health, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; MA Sousa, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Federal University of Minas Gerais), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.; TCM Souza, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.; IN Soyiri, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull City, United Kingdom.; M Spartalis, 3rd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.; S Spearman, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; P Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.; BS Srichawla, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.; SK Srinivasamurthy, Department of Pharmacology, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.; P Stachteas, 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.; LK Stafford, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; JD Stanaway, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; MH Stanikzai, Department of Public Health, Kandahar University, Kandahar, Afghanistan.; AV Starodubova, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia; Department of Internal Disease, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.; N Steckling-Muschack, Department of Health Professions, DHGS German University for Health and Sports, Berlin, Germany.; P Steiropoulos, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.; BC Maree Stephan, EnAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.; A Stevanović, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; L Stockfelt, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.; S Stortecky, Department of Cardiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; P Stubbs, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; N Subedi, Research Department, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; T Sukaew, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.; SK Kamilu Sulaiman, Department of Physiotherapy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.; AG Suleiman, Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna State, Nigeria.; MO Suleiman Odidi, Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University, Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria.; M Suleman, Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan; School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.; D Sulistiyorini, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Indonesia Maju, Jakarta, Indonesia.; MJ M Sullman, Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.; AS Meo, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; University Diabetes Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; J Sun, Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia; Institute of Integrated Intelligence and Systems, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.; X Sun, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.; Z Sun, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.; SP Sundaram, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, India.; J Sundström, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S Sunny, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, India.; DR Sunuwar, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Public Health, Asian College for Advance Studies, Purbanchal University, Lalitpur, Nepal.; H Susianti, Department of Clinical Pathology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; Hospital Central Laboratory, Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.; CK Swain, Department of Analytical and Applied Economics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.; BS Swami Vetha, Department of Foundational Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.; PL Szarpak, Department of Clinical Research and Development, LUXMED Group, Warsaw, Poland; Collegium Medicum, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; PT Damavandi, Department of Neurology, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland (NSI), Lugano, Switzerland.; R Tabarés-Seisdedos, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.; SM Tabatabaei, Department of Medical Informatics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; C Tabche, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; R Tabibi, Department of Health, Safety, and Environmental Management, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.; M Tabish, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India; College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.; T Tabuchi, Division of Epidemiology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.; GF Tadesse, Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology unit, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; BA Tafida, Department of Physiotherapy, A.T. Still University, Azare, Nigeria.; FT Arashlow, School of medicine, Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; J Taiba, Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India.; S Tajabadi, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli), Naples, Italy.; WW Takele, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; IM Talaat, Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pathology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; S Talic, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; M Tampa, Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Dermato-Venereology, Dr. Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Diseases, Bucharest, Romania.; JL Tamuzi, Department of Epidemiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, Northlands Medical Group, Omuthiya, Namibia.; M Tanashat, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.; H Tang, State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.; E Tantisattamo, Comprehensive Hypertension Center, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA.; GE Tarekegn, Data Science Institute, Centre of Statistics, Genk, Belgium; Institute of public health, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Gondar, Ethiopia.; S Tariq, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.; K Tavakoli, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; SM Tavangar, Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Tavasol, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; A Tekola, School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; WA Temesgen, Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; MH Temsah, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; M Teramoto, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.; J Tewari, Internal Medicine Department, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.; E Teye-Kwadjo, Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana; Department of Industrial Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; A Teymourzadeh, Department of cardiovascular diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; PK Raman Thankappan, Public Health Department, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.; R Thapa, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; R Thapar, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India.; A Thavamani, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.; MT Sundaram, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Miami, FL, USA.; M Thiruvengadam, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.; J Thomas, Department of Global Health, Australian Institute of Community and Health (AICHM), South Yatta, VIC, Australia; Director, Australian Institute of Community and Health Management, South Yarra, Vic, Australia.; W Tian, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.; JH Vera Ticoalu, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sam Ratulangi (Sam Ratulangi University), Manado, Indonesia.; PG Tilakaratne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate institute, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; K Tiwari, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; M Tleshev, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; S Tomo, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; PM Tonelli, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; R Topor-Madry, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Warsaw, Poland.; M Touvier, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France; Department of Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France.; MR Tovani-Palone, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; K Trabelsi, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.; NM Tran, Department of Health, Children's Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; NH Tran, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; QT Huong Tran, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.; TQ Minh Tran, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA.; TH Tran, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Department of Business Analytics, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA.; NT Minh Duc, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.; D Trico, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.; I Trihandini, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia.; M Tripathi, Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India.; T Tripathi, Department of Studies in Economics and Planning, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India.; JP Tripathy, Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.; SJ Tromans, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Adult Learning Disability Service, Leicestershire Partnership National Health Service Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom.; QX Nguyen Truong, College of Health Science, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam.; TT Tri Tai Truyen, Faculty of Medicine, Nam Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam.; D Hsiang-Te Tsai, School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Population Health Data Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.; G Tse, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Kent and Medway Medical School, Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, United Kingdom.; EE Tsermpini, Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.; LS Tuglo, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; SK Tumkur Narayanappa, ESIC Medical College PGIMSR and Model Hospital, bengaluru, India; ESIC Alumni Association, ESIC Alumni Association, Bengaluru, India.; M Tumurkhuu, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.; BS Tusa, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.; SC Tye, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; S Tyrovolas, Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA; School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; AJ Udoakang, Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria.; I Ulhaq, Health Department, Ministry of Health, Peshawar, Pakistan; Health Department, Directorate General of Health Services, Peshawar, Pakistan.; A Ullah, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman.; S Ullah, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.; S Ullah, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.; M Umair, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.; HO Onozasi Umar, Human Anatomy, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria.; L Umar, Federal University of Health Sciences Azare, Federal Teaching Hospital, Azare, Nigeria; Federal Teaching Hospital Azare, Federal Medical Centre, Azare, Nigeria.; M Umar, Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; B Unim, Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.; B Unnikrishnan, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; D Upadhya, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; E Upadhyay, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.; D Uppal, Section of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; JM Urmey, Begum Rokeya University, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh.; D Urso, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari, Tricase, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.; JS Usman, Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.; S Ussai, Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.; D Ustunsoz, College of Sciences, Louisiana State University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.; DU Ozsahin, Medical Diagnostic Imaging, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Near East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Near East University, Mersin, Türkiye.; H Uzunçıbuk, Department of Orthodontics, University of Trakya, Edirne, Türkiye.; N Uzzaman, Community Respiratory Centre, Bangladesh Primary Care Respiratory Society (BPCRS), Khulna, Bangladesh; Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; P Vadagam, Johnson & Johnson, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; S Vahdati, Department of Informatics and Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; AG Vaithinathan, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain.; A Vakilian, Department of Neurology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.; A Vakilpour, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; G Valizadeh, Department of Biomedical engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; KR van Daalen, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.; JV den Eynde, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.; J Varghese, College of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.; RP Varma, Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.; SB Varthya, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; S Varughese, Department of Nephrology, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India.; TJ Vasankari, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.; SS Vasudevan, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.; B Vellingiri, Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Human Genetics & Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.; N Venketasubramanian, Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; B Venkidasamy, Centre for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.; GI Verras, Department of Surgery, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.; D Vervoort, Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; M Vijayageetha, Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India.; JH Villafañe, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Europea de Madrid (European University of Madrid), Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.; L Villani, Department of Health Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy; Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences - UniCamillus, Rome, Italy.; SC Vipparthy, Cardiac Electrophysiology, St Bernard's Medical Center, Jonesboro, AR, USA.; M Vishwakarma, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India; Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Barmer, India.; V Vlassov, Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.; SR Volovat, Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Grigore T Popa' Iasi, Iaşi, Romania; Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iaşi, Romania.; M Vosoughi, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran.; E Vounzoulaki, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.; IS Vujcic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; AS Wada, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; M Wadhwa, Department of Health Policy, Management and Behavioral Science, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India.; ST Wafula, School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.; Y Waheed, NUST School of Health Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan; Széchenyi István University, Gyor, Hungary.; M Wahidin, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.; M Wahiduzzaman, Faculty of Public Health, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Cardiology, National Healthcare Network-Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; S Wahood, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.; JY Wan, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; K Wang, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.; L Wang, School of Biomedical Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and General Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.; M Wang, Department of Global Health School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; N Wang, Cardiovascular Department, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiology Department, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; S Wang, Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China.; W Wang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Wang, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.; YP Wang, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; MN Wanjau, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; School of Nursing Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.; A Bilal Waqar, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; M Waqas, Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan.; GT Wassie, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; K Gayan Weerakoon, Department of Parasitology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.; I Weerasekara, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.; RG Weintraub, Cardiology Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care and Neurosciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; R Westerman, Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany.; T Wiangkham, Department of Physical Therapy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.; YC Wibowo, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; AL Wicaksana, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; DP Wickramasinghe, Department of Surgery, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.; ND Darshana Wickramasinghe, Department of Community Medicine, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.; K Wijarnpreecha, Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; MA Wijayanto, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.; A Wilandika, Department of Nursing, Universitas Aisyiyah Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia.; PP Willeit, Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; AA Wireko, Research Organisation, Inter-Continental Omni-Research in Medicine Collaborative, Berlin, Germany.; GK Wirtu, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.; MW Wojewodzic, Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway; Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; B Wojtyniak, Department of Population Health Monitoring and Analysis, National Institute of Public Health, Warsaw, Poland.; TE Wonde, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.; YC Wondmeneh, Brown School of Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.; FG Wongnaah, Abuakwa North Municipal Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Kukurantumi, Ghana.; MC Chanie Worku, Department of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.; PF Wu, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.; JF Wu, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.; J Wu, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.; J Wu, Peking university, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Z Wu, Division of Gastroenterology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; YM Miskir Wubie, Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; L Xiao, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; W Xie, Department of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.; S Xu, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.; W Xu, nutrition, Tufts University, boston, MA, USA; Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; X Xu, School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Program, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Xue, School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.; V Yadav, Department of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.; M Yadollahi, Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; S Yaghoubi, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.; S Yahoo Syed, Department of Community Medicine, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, India.; G Yahya, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Cells and Tissues, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; X Yang, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; Y Yano, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.; H Yao, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; L Yao, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; A Yarahmadi, Department of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; DY Melesse, Department of Anesthesia, University of Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia.; Y Yasufuku, Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Osaka, Suita, Japan.; M Yavari, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; S Yaya, The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.; MB Yayeh, Department of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.; P Ye, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; M Yeganeh, School of Biotechnology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.; AC Yekdeş, Department of Public Health, Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye.; R Yesodharan, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, India.; SA Yesuf, Department of Family Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Family Medicine Department, St. Peter's Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; TY Yezengaw, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Harari Regional Health Bureau, Harar, Ethiopia.; S Yezli, Biostatics, Epidemiology, and Science Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; S Yi, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; KHA Center for Population Health Research, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.; D Yin, Department of Epidemiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; D Keon Yon, Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.; N Yonemoto, Department of Biostatistics, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.; Y Youm, Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; Z Yousefi, School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; S Yousefzadeh-Chabok, Neuroscience Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; C Yu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.; H Yu, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Y Yu, School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.; D Yuce, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.; I Yunusa, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.; U Yunusa, Department of Nursing Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria; Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Nigeria.; M Zaghampour, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; EZ Abidin, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (Putra University of Malaysia), UPM Serdang, Malaysia.; D Zairov, Department of Oncology and Mammology, Kazakh Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; F Zakham, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen.; G Zamagni, Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; A Zanghì, Sant'Elia Hospital, University of Catania, Caltanissetta, Italy.; I Zare, Research and Development Department, Sina Medical Biochemistry Technologies, Shiraz, Iran.; S Zaresharifi, Department of Dermatology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Teharn, Iran.; Y Zarinfar, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; M Zastrozhin, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Administration, PGxAI, San Francisco, CA, USA.; M Zawiah, Department of Clinical Practice, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacy Practice Department, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen.; M Ali Zazouli, School of health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; MGM Zeariya, Department of Public Health, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; AB Birara Zemariam, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.; S Zensen, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.; T Zhan, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.; CJP Zhang, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.; H Zhang, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.; J Zhang, XuZhou Medical University, University of Medicine, XuZhou, China.; L Zhang, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.; L Zhang, Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.; X Zhang, Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.; Y Zhang, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Z Zhang, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.; H Zhao, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China.; Z Zhao, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.; DX Zheng, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; J Zheng, School of global health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.; MH Zheng, Department of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, wenzhou, China.; A Zhong, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.; J Zhou, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.; J Zhou, School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.; S Zhou, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; X Zhou, Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.; XD Zhou, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.; B Zhu, School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.; W Zhu, Toxicology Department, Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, China.; A Zhumagaliuly, Atchabarov Scientific-Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; S Ziegelmayer, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; M Zielińska, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.; G Zoghi, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.; MA Ali Zoromba, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; PZ Zou, Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.; M Zuber, Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.; AH Zyoud, Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.; SH Zyoud, Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; Clinical Research Centre, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.; SH Zyoud, Department of Building Engineering and Environment, Palestine Technical University (Kadoorie), Tulkarem, Palestine; Civil Engineering and Sustainable Structures, Palestine Technical University (Kadoorie), Tulkarem, Palestine.; CJ L Murray, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.; GA Mensah, Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.; GA Roth, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Keywords: cardiovascular disease; epidemiology; global health

Date Created: 20250924 Date Completed: 20251126 Latest Revision: 20251126

20251127

10.1016/j.jacc.2025.08.015

40990886

MEDLINE