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Treffer: Public-private mix for tuberculosis in urban health systems in least-developed, low-income and lower-middle-income countries and territories: a systematic review.

Title:
Public-private mix for tuberculosis in urban health systems in least-developed, low-income and lower-middle-income countries and territories: a systematic review.
Authors:
Vidyasagaran AL; Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK aishwarya.vidyasagaran@york.ac.uk., Teixeira de Siqueira Filha N; Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK., Kakchapati S; HERD International, Kathmandu, Nepal., Hall TF; Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK., Naznin B; BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Tajree J; BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Quayyum Z; BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Joshi D; HERD International, Kathmandu, Nepal., Sibeudu FT; Department of Nursing Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Nigeria., Ogbozor PA; Department of Psychology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria., Arize IN; Department of Health Administration and Management, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria., Shrestha G; HERD International, Kathmandu, Nepal., Golder S; Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK., Ahsan M; ARK Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Adhikary S; BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Agwu P; Health Policy Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.; School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK., Elsey H; Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
Source:
BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2025 Dec 17; Vol. 15 (12), pp. e093246. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 17.
Publication Type:
Journal Article; Systematic Review
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101552874 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-6055 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20446055 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Open Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: [London] : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2011-
MeSH Terms:
Tuberculosis*/therapy , Tuberculosis*/diagnosis , Developing Countries* , Public-Private Sector Partnerships*/organization & administration , Urban Health Services*/organization & administration, Humans
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Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Health Care Costs; Health Services; Systematic Review; Tuberculosis
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20251217 Date Completed: 20251217 Latest Revision: 20260106
Update Code:
20260106
PubMed Central ID:
PMC12716499
DOI:
10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093246
PMID:
41407423
Database:
MEDLINE

Weitere Informationen

Objective: To evaluate the impact of public-private mix (PPM) models for tuberculosis (TB) on health, process and system outcomes, adopting the WHO's definition of PPM, which is a strategic partnership between national TB programmes and healthcare providers, both public and private, to deliver high-quality TB diagnosis and treatment.
Design: Systematic review without meta-analysis using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.
Data Sources: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Health Management Information Consortium, Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index, Emerging Sources Citation Index, CENTRAL, Database of Disability and Inclusion Information Resources, WHO Library Database and 3ie.
Eligibility Criteria: We included all primary studies examining PPM models delivering TB services in urban health sectors in least-developed, low-income and lower-middle-income countries and territories.
Data Extraction and Synthesis: 17 reviewers were involved in data extraction in COVIDENCE using a prepiloted template. All extractions were completed by a single reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Quality appraisal was carried out using the mixed-methods appraisal tool, covering mixed-methods, qualitative and quantitative study designs. Narrative synthesis was carried out by tabulating and summarising studies according to PPM models and reported in line with the synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines.
Results: Of the 57 included studies, covering quantitative (n=41), qualitative (n=6) and mixed-method (n=10) designs, the majority were from Southeast Asia (n=37). PPM models had overall positive results on TB treatment outcomes, access and coverage and value for money. They are linked with improved TB health workers' skills and service delivery. Most outcomes tended to favour interface models, although with considerable heterogeneity. Inconsistent implementation of national TB guidelines, uncoordinated referrals and lack of trust among partners were identified as areas of improvement. Evidence was lacking on the involvement of informal providers within PPM models.
Conclusions: PPM models can be effective and cost-effective for TB care in urban low- and middle-income countries contexts, particularly when levels of mistrust between public and private sectors are addressed through principles of equal partnership. The evidence indicates that this may be more achievable when an interface organisation manages the partnership.
Prospero Registration Number: CRD42021289509.
(© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.)

Competing interests: None declared.