Treffer: 基于GIS技术的渠道工程材料采购模型.

In order to optimize the purchasing cost of enterprises and achieve intensive procurement objectives, a material procurement model for channel engineering is developed based on GIS, from the point of view of transportation route planning, by fusing operations research knowledges. At first, the material supply and storage points are decided, then transport routes are chosen by means of a GIS software, finally a route network model for material procurement is built. By applying the Floyd algorithm in graph theory to find the shortest transportation route between the material supply points and the material demand points, then the material transportation costs are figured out, and finally the comprehensive/total unit prices are determined by considering ex-factory prices. On this basis, a linear programming tool is introduced and a linear programming model for purchasing decision is established, in which the purchase quantities between supply and demand points are the variables to be optimized, the total purchase cost serves as objective function, comprehensive unit prices of materials are used as the value coefficient, while the balance of supply and demand are constraint conditions. The mode is solved by using MATLAB and VOGEL approximation method of allocation, respectively, and corresponding results by the two methods are compared. It is shown that the procurement cost can be reduced by RMB￥530 k predicted in MATLAB and RMB￥340 k with the VOGEL method. Obviously, the procurement program determined by the former is more attractive. Note that the purchasing model based on GIS has removed the uncertainty of material transportation route and distance in purchasing and solved the problem of unrealistically high purchasing cost. Naturally, this article provides a supplementary tool for proposing a scientific and reasonable procurement plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了全面优化企业的采购成本,实现集约化的采购目标,从运输路径规划的角度出发,融合运筹学的知识,创建了基于GIS技术的渠道工程材料采购模型.以材料供应点和仓储点确立为基础,利用GIS软件进行运输路径的选择,进而构建出材料采购的路网模型.通过运用图论领域中的Floyd算法,计算得到材料供需点的最短运输路径,确定出材料的运输费用,结合出厂价格确定材料综合单价.在此基础之上,引入线性规划工具,以最小采购费用作为目标函数、材料综合单价为价值系数、供需平衡条件作为约束条件、供需点之间的采购量作为自变量,建立起采购决策的线性规划模型,并利用Matlab软件和VOGEL方法进行求解对比.实践证明,Matlab软件降低采购费用53万元,VOGEL方法降低34万元,前者确定的采购方案更受青睐.研究表明,基于GIS的采购模型解决了渠道材料采购运距不确定、采购成本虚高问题,为科学合理安排采购方案提供了辅助工具. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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