Treffer: ECLogger: Cross-Project Catch-Block Logging Prediction Using Ensemble of Classifiers.

Background: Software developers insert log statements in the source code to record program execution information. However, optimizing the number of log statements in the source code is challenging. Machine learning based within-project logging prediction tools, proposed in previous studies, may not be suitable for new or small software projects. For such software projects, we can use cross-project logging prediction. Aim: The aim of the study presented here is to investigate cross-project logging prediction methods and techniques. Method: The proposed method is ECLogger, which is a novel, ensemble-based, cross-project, catch-block logging prediction model. In the research We use 9 base classifiers were used and combined using ensemble techniques. The performance of ECLogger was evaluated on on three open-source Java projects: Tomcat, CloudStack and Hadoop. Results: ECLogger<subscript>Bagging</subscript>, ECLogger<subscript>AverageVote</subscript>, and ECLogger<subscript>MajorityVote</subscript> show a considerable improvement in the average Logged F-measure (LF) on 3, 5, and 4 source!target project pairs, respectively, compared to the baseline classifiers. ECLogger<subscript>AverageVote</subscript> performs best and shows improvements of 3.12% (average LF) and 6.08% (average ACC - Accuracy). Conclusion: The classifier based on ensemble techniques, such as bagging, average vote, and majority vote outperforms the baseline classifier. Overall, the ECLogger<subscript>AverageVote</subscript> model performs best. The results show that the CloudStack project is more generalizable than the other projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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