Treffer: QUANTUM ALGORITHMS FOR THE TRIANGLE PROBLEM
Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
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Mathematics
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We present two new quantum algorithms that either find a triangle (a copy of K3) in an undirected graph G on n nodes, or reject if G is triangle free. The first algorithm uses combinatorial ideas with Grover Search and makes ? (n10/7) queries. The second algorithm uses ? (n13/10) queries and is based on a design concept of Ambainis [in Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2004, pp. 22-31] that incorporates the benefits of quantum walks into Grover Search [L. Grover, in Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, 1996, pp. 212-219]. The first algorithm uses only O(log n) qubits in its quantum subroutines, whereas the second one uses O(n) qubits. The Triangle Problem was first treated in [H. Buhrman et al., SIAM J. Comput., 34 (2005), pp. 1324-1330], where an algorithm with O(n + √nm) query complexity was presented, where m is the number of edges of G.